Labelling and Dispensing of Prepared Liquid
Session 12: Labelling and Dispensing of Prepared Liquid
Dosage Form
Total Session Time: 60 minutes
Prerequisites
Learning Tasks
By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Resources Needed:
SESSION OVERVIEW
Activity/
Step Time Content
Method
1 05 minutes Presentation Introduction, Learning Tasks
35 minutes Presentation
2 Labeling of Prepared Preparations
Demonstration
10 minutes Dispensing of Prepared Preparations into
3 Presentation
Suitable Containers
4 05 minutes Presentation Key Points
5 05 minutes Presentation Evaluation
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 82
SESSION CONTENTS
STEP 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes)
READ or ASK students to read the learning objectives and clarify
ASK students if they have any questions before continuing.
STEP 2: Labelling of Prepared Preparations (35 minutes)
stencilled, marked, embossed or impressed on or attached to a container of any food,
drug, cosmetics or medical devices
o A label is an important, integral part of a drug preparation
o A label gives clear instructions on how and when to take or use the medication
o The label contributes a good appearance of dispensed medicine, thus increasing the
confidence of the patient
o The label should be written in a legible, neat, and well balanced way
o The size of the label should be appropriate to that of the container
o The name (underlined) and quantity of the preparation
o The patient‟s name
o The date of dispensing (preparation date)
o Dose and instruction for use.
o The expiry date, where applicable and/ or manufacturing date
o Storage condition
o The name of the dispenser (initial)
o The name and address of the dispensing institution.
o Required dispensing information, such as Shake well before use.
Only” in red; those to be used in the mouth but not to be swallowed, get an auxiliary label
“Not to be Swallowed”. “Not to be Taken” is used for liquid preparations which are not
administered orally and which are not applied to skin surfaces such as ear drops, eye-
drops, nasal drops, enemas and for solid dosage forms which might, by error, be
administered orally such as inhalation capsules, pessaries and solution tablets.
Alternatively, such preparations can be labelled with instructions on the restricted use e.g.
“For Use in the Eye Only” or “Rectal Use only” or “For Vaginal Use Only”. All
heterogeneous liquid preparations such as emulsion and suspensions, must carry the
instruction “Shake before use”. Special storage conditions are also given on the auxiliary
label such as “Store at a Cool Place” or more precise instructions like “Store between 20
C and 80C”. Preparations containing easily inflammable liquids are labelled “Highly
Inflammable” or “Keep away from Open Flames”
o Neat (orderly and in a clean condition)
o Clear (easily deliver a well-defined message in a simple language)
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 83
o Fit the container (not too large or too small)
o Attractive (pleasing or appealing to the senses)
Activity: Demonstration (25 minutes)
DIVIDE students in small manageable groups.
PREPARE equipment and materials needed for demonstration
POSITION students so that everyone can see and hear
REVIEW steps of writing a label
REFER students to the important things required to appear on the label.
DEMONSTRATE on how to write a good label
ALLOW one student from each group to do a return demonstration and let others comment
on it
CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the content below
INFORM the students that “every student will practice in the skills laboratory under
supervision until is competent”
For External Use Only
CALAMINE LOTION PCx
Apply to the affected parts at night until cured.
The name of the dispenser and the name and address of the dispensing Institution
Preparation date
Expiry date
SHAKE THE BOTTLE BEFORE USE
Keep Out of Reach of Children
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 84
STEP 3: Dispensing of Prepared Preparations into Suitable Containers (10
minutes)
of dispensed medicines and should maintain the quality, safety and stability of its
contents. Therefore it should comply with the following requirement:
o Be strong enough to protect the contents from normal mechanical hazards of
handling and transport.
o Prevent leakage
o Provide protection from environmental conditions, such as moisture,
microorganisms, oxygen, carbon dioxide and light.
o Be sufficiently transparent to inspect liquid preparation.
o Do not react with the contents.
compounding are:
o Liquid medicines. Preparations for external use, for application to the mouth and
throat, and for instillation into body cavities should be dispensed in fluted bottles,
whereas those for internal use should be dispensed in plain bottles, as officially
recommended.
o This difference gives warning to user of the medicine. When someone touches a
bottle which is fluted will be cautioned that the medicine should not be
swallowed. Even though this is not more practicable now a days.
o Medicines which are sensitive to light or which have ingredients which are
sensitive to light should be dispensed in colored bottles.
o Semi-solid medicines. Ointments, Creams, Pastes, gels, and Poultices are usually
dispensed in wide mouthed plastic or glass containers or suitable metal or plastic
tubes.
Figure 1.1: Plain amber medicine bottles.
Source: Pharmaceutical Compounding and Dispensing (2008).
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 85
Source: Pharmaceutical Compounding and Dispensing (2008).
Source: Pharmaceutical Compounding and Dispensing (2008).
STEP 4: Key Points (5 minutes)
stencilled, marked, embossed or impressed on or attached to a container of any food,
drug, cosmetics or medical devices
Only” in red; those to be used in the mouth but not to be swallowed, get an auxiliary label
“Not to be Swallowed”. “Not to be Taken” is used for liquid preparations which are not
administered orally and which are not applied to skin surfaces such as ear drops, eye-
drops, nasal drops, enemas and for solid dosage forms which might, by error, be
administered orally such as inhalation capsules, pessaries and solution tablets.
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 86
o Be strong enough to protect the contents from normal mechanical hazards of
handling and transport.
o Prevent leakage
o Provide protection from environmental conditions, such as moisture,
microorganisms, oxygen, carbon dioxide and light.
o Be sufficiently transparent to inspect liquid preparation.
o Do not react with the contents.
STEP 5: Evaluation (5 minutes)
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 87
References
Langley, C. A., & Belcher, D. (2008). Pharmaceutical Compounding and Dispensing. London:
Pharmaceutical Press.
Peter Bakker, H. W., Vincent Gooskens, Ben Naafs, Rachel Van der Kaaij, Nicolien Wieringa.
(2012). Dermatology Preparations for the Tropics (2nd ed.).
Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain., & Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (1994). The Pharmaceutical Podex, Principles and Practice
of Pharmaceutics (W. Lund Ed. 12th ed.). London,: Pharmaceutical P.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, I. o. A. H. S., Muhimbili University of Health and Allied
Health Sciences. (2011). Tanzania Pharmaceutical Handbook (2nd ed.). Dar es salaam:
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Muhimbili
University of Health and Allied Health Sciences.
MoHSW (2003), Tanzania Food, Drugs and Cosmetics Act. Dar-es-Salaam:
Government printer.
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 88
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