Pharmacotherapy of Pneumonia in Dogs and Cats
PST 06107
Basic Veterinary Pharmacology
Session 38: Pharmacotherapy of Pneumonia in Dog and Cat
Learning Tasks
By
the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Define Pneumonia in dog and cat
List signs and symptoms of pneumonia in dog and cat
Describe pharmacological treatment of pneumonia in dog and cat
Describe control and prevention of pneumonia in dog and cat
Activity: Buzzing
What
is Pneumonia in Dog and Cat?
Definition of Pneumonia in Dog and Cat
Pneumonia is an acute or chronic inflammation of the lungs and bronchi characterized by disturbance in respiration and hypoxemia and complicated by the systemic effects of associated toxins
The primary
aetiologic
agents include canine distemper virus, adenovirus types 1 and 2,
parainfluenza
virus, and feline
calicivirus
that predispose to secondary bacterial invasion of the lungs
Others are parasites such as
Filaroides
,
Aelurostrongylus
, or
Paragonimus
spp., protozoa e.g.
Toxoplasma
gondii
, tuberculosis or
mycotic
pneumonia
Signs and Symptoms of Pneumonia in Dog and Cat
Lethargy
and anorexia are common with deep cough
Progressive dyspnea and cyanosis may be evident, especially on exercise
Body temperature is increased moderately, and there may be leukocytosis
Auscultation usually reveals consolidation, which may be patchy but more commonly is diffuse
In the later stages of pneumonia, the increased lung density and
peribronchial
consolidation caused by the inflammatory process can be visualized
radiographically
Complications such as
pleuritis
,
mediastinitis
, or invasion by opportunistic organisms may occur
Activity:
Brainstorming
•What
are the pharmacological treatment and preventive measures for Bacterial Pneumonia in Dog and Cat?
Pharmacological Treatment and Prevention of Pneumonia in Dog and Cat
For
Bacterial Pneumonia
Benzathine
Benzylpenicillin
or Procaine
Benzylpenicillin
Amoxicillin with
clavulanic
Combination of;
Ampicillin and a
fluoroquinolone
Ampicillin and an aminoglycoside
Clindamycin and a third generation cephalosporin
Pharmacological Treatment and Prevention of Pneumonia in Dog and Cat
Prevention
Provide
well-ventilated facilities.
Keep dogs dry and well-bedded.
Provide good nutrition
Key Points
Pneumonia
is an acute or chronic inflammation of the lungs and bronchi characterized by disturbance in respiration and hypoxemia and complicated by the systemic effects of associated toxins
Symptoms of bacterial pneumonia include cough, fever, difficulty breathing, lack of appetite and consequent weight loss, sluggishness, nasal discharge, dehydration, and rapid breathing
Medication is necessary in cases of bacterial pneumonia; the proper antimicrobial can be selected based on results of bacterial cultures taken
Evaluation
What
is Pneumonia in Dog and Cat?
What are the common signs and symptoms of Pneumonia in Dog and Cat?
What is the pharmacological treatment of Pneumonia in Dog and Cat?
What are the control measures against Pneumonia in Dog and Cat?
References
Riviere
J. E.,
Papich
M. G. (2009).
Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
(9
th
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Hsu
W. H. (2008).
Handbook of Veterinary Pharmacology
(1
st
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Kuafmann
J, (1996).
Parasitic infections of domestic animals
, (2
nd
ed
).Berlin,
Birkhäuser
Verlag
Press
Hoare
E. W. (2013).
A manual veterinary therapeutics & pharmacology
(2
nd
ed
),New
York, Forgotten Books
Press
Maddison
. J. (
ed
) (2008).
Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology
, (2nd
ed
). Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier Limited
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