Pharmacotherapy of Feline Respiratory Complex
PST 06107
Basic Veterinary Pharmacology
Session 37: Pharmacotherapy of Feline Respiratory Complex
Learning Tasks
By
the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Define feline respiratory complex
List signs and symptoms of feline respiratory complex
Describe pharmacological treatment of feline respiratory complex
Describe control and prevention of feline respiratory complex
Activity: Buzzing
What
is Feline Respiratory Disease Complex?
Definition of Feline Respiratory Complex
Feline respiratory disease complex is characterized by rhinitis, conjunctivitis, lacrimation, salivation, and oral ulcerations
The principal diseases, feline viral
rhinotracheitis
(FVR) and feline
calicivirus
infections (FCV), affect exotic as well as domestic species
Transmission occurs via aerosol droplets and fomites; convalescent cats may continue to harbor virus for many months
Calicivirus is shed continuously, while infectious FVR virus is released intermittently.
Stress may precipitate a secondary course of illness
Signs and Symptoms of Feline Respiratory Complex
Feline
Rhinotracheitis
Fever (40.5°C)
Frequent sneezing
Conjunctivitis
Rhinitis
Serous to
mucoupurulent
nasal
discharge
and often salivation which may be induced by excitement or movement
Severely debilitated cats may develop ulcerative stomatitis, and ulcerative keratitis
Signs may persist for 5-10 days in milder cases and up to 6
wk
in severe cases
Signs and Symptoms of Feline Respiratory Complex
Cont
…
Calicivirus
An acute febrile response,
inappetence
, and depression are common signs.
Serous rhinitis and conjunctivitis also can occur
Chlamydia
psittaci
infections characteristically produce conjunctivitis and cats sneeze
occasionally
Fever, serous lacrimal discharge to
mucopurulent
conjunctivitis, lymphoid infiltration, and epithelial hyperplasia may occur
Convalescent cats may undergo relapses
Activity:
Brainstorming
are the treatment and preventive measures for Feline Respiratory Complex?
Pharmacological Treatment and Prevention of Feline Respiratory Complex
Chloramphenicol
40mg, q 8 h, PO for 3-5days, or
Tetracycline 1% eye drops, 5 to 6 times daily against C.
psittaci
, plus
Nebulization or saline nose drops to remove tenacious secretions, plus
Vasoconstrictor (
eg
, two drops of ephedrine sulfate [0.25% solution] in each nostril, q 12h,
plus
Pharmacological Treatment and Prevention of Feline Respiratory
Complex Cont.….
plus
Oxygen
supply (if dyspnea is severe). Fluids may be indicated to correct dehydration, and force-feeding may
be necessary.
Esophagostomy may be indicated in severe cases, Plus
Antihistamines
eg
,
chlorpheniramine
Pharmacological Treatment and Prevention of Feline Respiratory Complex Cont.….
Prevention
Vaccination
against
calicivirus
(FCV) and
feline herpesvirus-1
(FHV-1)
Key Points
Feline
respiratory disease complex is characterized by rhinitis, conjunctivitis, lacrimation, salivation, and oral ulcerations
Transmission occurs via aerosol droplets and fomites; convalescent cats may continue to
harbor
virus for many months
Prevention is through vaccination
Evaluation
What
is Feline Respiratory Complex?
What are the common signs and symptoms of Feline Respiratory Complex?
What is the pharmacological treatment of Feline Respiratory Complex?
What are the control measures against Feline Respiratory Complex?
References
Riviere
J. E.,
Papich
M. G. (2009).
Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
(9
th
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Hsu
W. H. (2008).
Handbook of Veterinary Pharmacology
(1
st
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Kuafmann
J, (1996).
Parasitic infections of domestic animals
, (2
nd
ed
).Berlin,
Birkhäuser
Verlag
Press
Hoare
E. W. (2013).
A manual veterinary therapeutics & pharmacology
(2
nd
ed
),New
York, Forgotten Books
Press
Maddison
. J. (
ed
) (2008).
Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology
, (2nd
ed
). Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier Limited
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