NTA Level 6 • Semester 1 • PST06101

Planning Concepts

Leadership and Management • Source Session/Topic 9

Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability.

Session 9: Planning Concepts

Total Session Time: 120 minutes

Learning Tasks

By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:

• Define Planning

• Explain planning concepts

• List importance of planning

• Enumerate steps observed during planning process in your organization

Resources Needed:

• Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape

• Black/white board and chalk/whiteboard markers

• LCD projector and computer

• Note books and Pens

SESSION OVERVIEW

Activity/

Step Time Content

Method

1 05 minutes Presentation Introduction, Learning Tasks

20 minutes Presentation

2 Definition of Terms

Buzzing

3 10 minutes Presentation Explanation of Planning Concept

30 minutes Presentation /

4 Small Group Importance of Planning

Discussion

5 20 minutes Method Y Steps of Planning

6 25 minutes Presentation Describe Planning Steps

7 05 minutes Presentation Key Points

8 05 minutes Presentation Evaluation

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

SESSION CONTENTS

STEP 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes)

READ or ASK students to read the learning tasks and clarify

ASK students if they have any questions before continuing.

STEP 2: Definition of Terms (20 minutes)

Activity: Buzzing (5 minutes)

Ask students to pair in two and buzz for 3 minutes on the following

• What is planning?

ALLOW few students to respond

WRITE their responses on the flip chart/board

CLARIFY and SUMMARISE by using the content below

• Planning is a process of thinking in advance what activities required to achieve set

objective, who will perform them, what resources to be used, when to be done and how

are the results to be known. Or

• Planning is forecasting by identifying level you are, where you what you want to achieve,

what means will you use to achieve your goal (Resources) and how will you know you

have achieved your goal. or

• Planning is the process of thinking about and organizing the activities required to achieve

a desired goal.

• Planning is an important property of intellectual behavior leading a planner to think

beyond the surrounding wall or darkness and see light beyond.

STEP 3: Planning Concept (10 minutes)

• Planning concepts are those ideas used by planners to address challenges surrounding

them in their working or living environment.

• The concepts may be of theories, models, or key ideas which when applied they end up

producing positive results.

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

STEP 4: Importance of Planning (30 minutes)

Activity: Small Group Discussion ( 15 minutes)

DIVIDE students into small manageable groups

ASK students to discuss on the following question

• What is the importance of planning to pharmaceutical services?

ALLOW students to discuss for 15 minutes

ALLOW few groups to present and the rest to add points not mentioned

CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the contents below:

• It gives room to assess existing situation at pharmaceutical that given time or identifying

the surrounding challenges

• Planning leads a planner to iron out how to address the identified challenges

• Through planning a planner will know in advance what resources to be used to address

the identified challenges at pharmaceutical. (Human, money, etc.)

• Through planning a planner will foretell time to do the tasks planned

• Planning guides a planner in advance know how to evaluate progress in implementing his

schedule.

STEP 5: Stages Observed During Planning (20 minutes)

• Situational analysis – Assessing the general status of the organization

• Develop objectives and develop tasks to meet those objectives (Setting priorities)

• Determine resources needed to implement tasks (Budgeting)

• Create a timeline benchmarking key areas to guide the monitoring and evaluation

• (Implementation)

• Determine tracking and assessment method. (Monitoring and Evaluation)

STEP 6: Steps Involved in Planning (25 minutes)

• Situational Analysis is the assessment of the current situation of an Institution where

the institution looks seriously at itself as well as outside environment.

Critically you assess the population characteristics like demographic information,

religious, educational and culture, Infrastructures like Geographical, infrastructure, socio

economic situation, public and private sector structurer, Overall National policies,

existing Health policies and political context and Health needs – Medical professional

perceived health needs and community health needs. Services provided by and plan of the

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

Non Health Sector, Resources available, Efficiency, effectiveness, equity and quality of

current services.

• Priority setting – It is an important stage of setting priorities as per needs vs. competing

limited resources. At this stage interventions or possible solutions to address the

identified problems and determining resource allocation, action plan and budgeting

should be properly indicated.

• Budgeting and Fund allocation – At this stage interventions or possible solutions to

address the identified problems and resource to be used are costed, action plan are put in

place and allocation of the budget are done ready for implementation.

• Implementation Is the stage whereby all identified solutions to the problems identified are

put into practice by using the available resources.

• Monitoring & Evaluation

o Monitoring – Is an assessment of activities done in line with inputs used versus

output realized in a particular given time for further action. Monitoring is carried

out throughout the task or process at all levels.

o Evaluation – Is the final stage of the planning step. Evaluation can be formative

during the implementation or summative at the final stage of implementation

Fig.9.1 Planning steps (Cycle)

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

STEP 6: Key Points (5 minutes)

• Planning is forecasting

• Planning steps are those key steps to be followed during planning process namely:

• Planning is important to pharmaceutical services as it enables them to think ahead of their

services.

STEP 7: Evaluation (5 minutes)

• What is planning?

• What is planning process?

• What is the importance of planning in the pharmaceutical services?

• What are steps of planning in pharmaceutical services?

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

References

Peterson A.M, Kelly N.W (2014); Leadership and management in pharmacy practice, 2nd

edition, CRC press

Marquis, B. L and Huston, C. J (1996) Leadership Roles and Management Functions in

Nursing – Theory and Application, 2nd Edition: Lippincott, Philadelphia.

Graham, H. T. and Bennett, R. (1998). Human resources management. London: Pitman.

Heller, R. and Hindle, T. (1998). Essential managers manual. London: Dorling Kindersley.

Saleemi N.A. and Bogonko J. B. (1997). Management (Principles and Practice) Simplified.

N. A. Saleemi Publishers.

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

← Previous Topic Next Topic →View all Leadership and Management topics Open Complete Full Notes

PDF / OFFLINE NOTES

Unataka kutumiwa notes hizi kupitia WhatsApp?Kwa notes zilizopangiliwa vizuri kwa kusoma offline au PDF, bonyeza kitufe hapa chini. Ujumbe wenye Level, Semester, Module na Topic utaandaliwa moja kwa moja.TUMIWA NOTES WHATSAPP

WhatsApp: 255620339260