PST NTA Level 4

NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04107 Demonstration on Creating PowerPoint Slide Show Basic Computer Applications • Source Session/Topic 14 Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability. Session 14: Demonstration on Creating PowerPoint Slide Show Total Session Time: 60 minutes + 120 minutes Practical Prerequisites None Learning Tasks By the end of this session, students are expected to be able to: Animate Slides Create a Slide Master Use Spell Check Print a slide Presentation Add Transition Resources Needed Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape Black/white board and chalk/whiteboard markers Computer and LCD SESSION OVERVIEW Step Time Activity/ Method Content 1 5 minutes Presentation Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks 2 30 minutes Presentation, Brainstorm, Exercise Animating Slides 3 35 minutes Presentation, Exercise Creating a Slide Master 4 30 minutes Presentation, Exercise Spell Check and Printing 5 30 minutes Presentation, Exercise Printing a Slide Presentation 6 35 minutes Presentation, Exercise Adding Transition 7 15 minutes Presentation Key Points 8 10 minutes Presentation Evaluation SESSION CONTENT Step 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes) READ or ASK student to read the learning objectives and clarify. ASK students if they have any questions before continuing Step 2: Animating Slides (30 minutes) Activity 1: Brainstorm (5 minutes) ASK student: What is animation in slides? ALLOW for some responses. SUMMARIZE and go to information below for Animating slides Animating slides involves adding movement and sometimes sound to text or to the slides in a presentation. Animation can help create a livelier and more interesting slide show. PowerPoint provides some preset animation or allows you to customize the animation to fit your needs. To Animate Slides using Animation Schemes Open the PowerPoint presentation that you want to work on Select the slide that you want to animate In the Task Pane, click the down-pointing arrow and select Slide Design – Animation Schemes Figure 1: Application of Animation Schemes Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Choosing Animation for Your Slides PowerPoint offers several options for animating your slides Once you click on Slide Design Animation Schemes, the Slide Design pane appears with a list of options Click on an Animation Scheme that you think might work well in your presentation. (To preview your choice, make sure that the Auto Preview option is checked). Preview different schemes to see which one best fit your slides You can apply different animation to each individual slide or click on APPLY TO ALL SLIDES Once you have applied your animation you can click on Play or Slide Show to view it Remove animation by selecting No Animation in the white box Adding Custom Animation You can also decide how text and other slide elements 'perform' by using custom animation. You can add effect, set speed and direction, and animate text on your own. For example, you can decide how words or graphics enter or exit a slide. You may want to begin by adding effect to the titles in your presentation. To Add Effect to Text Open the presentation you want to add an effect to Click on the down-pointing arrow in the Task Pane Custom Animation Figure 2: Task Pane (Custom Animation) Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Click the text that you want to add an effect to The Add Effect button will be activated. (Note the button is inactive until you select a part of the slide to work on) Figure 3: Additon of Effect in the slide Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Click on Add Effect Entrance. A list of options appears for the entrance including Blinds, Box, Check board, and Fly In. Decide how your text will appear on the screen and choose an option. You can easily remove the effect by clicking Remove. Or, you can modify it by setting direction and speed underneath Modify. (PowerPoint lets you know the specific effect by listing it next to Modify. For example, Modify: Blinds). Emphasis and Exit If you want to add an effect to make text or graphics grow, shrink, or change in another way, click on Add Effect Emphasis. Choose an effect. If you want to add an effect to have text or graphics exit the slide, click on Add Effect Exit. Choose the effect. Setting Direction and Speed Once you choose an effect, decide the direction for that effect. For example, you may want text to Fly In from the bottom. (Make sure your animation doesn't cross important graphics or text in your presentation) To Set Direction Underneath Modify in the Custom Animation pane, click on the down pointing arrow beneath Direction. (Note that direction options vary depending on the type of effect) Figure 4: Modify Blinds Options (Direction) Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Choose the side of the slide from which you want the title to enter Underneath Modify next to Start, select With Previous (Animation starts automatically) or On Click (Animation starts when you click the mouse) Decide the speed at which you want effects to happen in your slides. You can choose very slow, slow, medium, fast or very fast to fit the rhythm of your presentation. To Set Speed Click on the down-pointing arrow underneath Speed and choose an option Figure 5: Modify Blinds (Speed) Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Animating a Bulleted List A bulleted list may be another area that you might want to animate. To Add Animation to a Bulleted List Open the slide with the bulleted list you want to animate Click on the text box that contains the text you want to animate Click on the down-pointing arrow in the Task PaneCustom Animation The Add Effect button is now active Controlling Your Text With the Add Effect button active, you can control the text in your bulleted list: To Set Animation in a Bulleted List Select the line of text you want to animate. Once a line is selected, the

NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04107 Demonstration on Worksheet Layout Management Basic Computer Applications • Source Session/Topic 16 Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability. Session 16: Demonstration on Worksheet Layout Management Total Session Time: 120 minutes Prerequisites None Learning Tasks By the end of this session, students are expected to be able to: Describe on How to Work with Multiple Worksheets Describe on How to Insert and Delete Rows and Columns Explain Process of Changing Column Width and Row Height Resources Needed Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape Black/white board and chalk/whiteboard markers Computer LCD Handout 16.1: Monthly Budget SESSION OVERVIEW Step Time Activity/ Method Content 1 05 minutes Presentation Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks 2 30 minutes Brainstorming Presentation Exercise Work with Multiple Worksheets 3 30 minutes Presentation Exercise Insert and Delete Rows and Columns 4 35 minutes Presentation Exercise Change Column Width and Row Height 5 5 minutes Presentation Key Points 6 15 minutes Presentation Evaluation SESSION CONTENT Step 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Objectives (5 minutes) READ or ASK student to read the learning objectives and clarify. ASK students if they have any questions before continuing Step 2: Working with Multiple Worksheets (30 minutes) Activity: Brainstorming (5 minutes) Ask students to brainstorm on the following question: What are worksheets? ALLOW few students to respond? WRITE their responses on the flip chart/ board CLARIFY and SUMMARISE by using the content below Naming Worksheets At the beginning of this course, we learned that the tabs displayed at the bottom of the screen are named Sheet1, Sheet2 and Sheet3. These are not very informative names. Excel 2003 allows you to define a meaningful name for each worksheet in a workbook-Checkbook, Reports, Accounts-so you can quickly locate information. To Name a Worksheet Double-click the sheet tab to select it. The text is highlighted by a black box. Type a new name for the worksheet. Press the Enter key. The worksheet now assumes the descriptive name defined. Inserting Worksheets By default, each new workbook in Excel defaults to three worksheets named Sheet1, Sheet2 and Sheet3. You have the ability to insert new worksheets if needed or delete others you no longer want. To Insert a New Worksheet Choose Insert Worksheet from the menu bar. A new worksheet tab is added to the bottom of the screen. It will be named Sheet4, Sheet5 or whatever the next sequential sheet number may be in the workbook. Figure 1: Show Worksheet Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Deleting Worksheets Any worksheet can be deleted from a workbook, including those that have data in it. Remember, a workbook must contain at least one worksheet. To Delete One or More Worksheets Click on the sheet(s) you want to delete. Choose Edit Delete Sheet from the menu bar. Figure 2: The Following Dialog Box Appears if the Sheet Being Deleted Contains Information On It. Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Click the Delete button to remove the worksheet and all the data in it. Another way to delete or insert a worksheet is to right-click on the sheet to be deleted and then select Delete or Insert from the shortcut menu. Figure 3: Delete or Insert Sheet Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Grouping and Ungrouping Worksheets A workbook is a multi-page Excel document that contains multiple worksheets. Sometimes you will want to work with the worksheets one at a time as if each is a single unit. Other times, the same information or formatting may need to be added to every worksheet. You can type and retype the same information in each worksheet, or apply identical formatting, or you can group the worksheet and enter the information once. Worksheets can also be combined together into a group. Grouping worksheets allows you to apply identical formulas and/or formatting across all the worksheets in the group. When you group worksheets, any changes made to one worksheet will also be changed in any other worksheets in the group. If many worksheets are to have the same data–regions, departments, quarters, months, weeks and days, for example–then you type it once and it will appear on every worksheet included in the grouping. Figure 3: Grouping Worksheets Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 To Group Worksheets To select one worksheet, click on the sheet tab. To select more than one worksheet, hold the Control key down and click on one or more worksheet tabs in the workbook. To select all worksheets in a workbook, right-click on any worksheet tab and choose Select All Sheets from the shortcut menu. When finished entering, moving, copying or formatting the data, you will need to ungroup worksheets. If you do not ungroup the sheets, any work you do in one sheet will be duplicated in all the others. To Ungroup Worksheets Right-click on any of the selected worksheet tabs. Choose Ungroup Sheets from the shortcut menu. Moving Worksheets When you move a sheet, you are moving it to a new location in this or another workbook. To Move a Workbook Select the worksheet you want to move/copy. Choose Edit Move or Copy from the menu bar. In the Move or Copy dialog box, use the drop down boxes to select the name of the workbook you will move the sheet to (the current workbook is the default). Also define where you want the sheet positioned in the workbook. Figure 5:Sheet And Check Book Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Check Create a copy to copy it. Click the OK button to move the worksheet to its new location. Copying Worksheets When you copy a sheet, you make an exact copy of it. To Copy a Worksheet Select the worksheet you want to move/copy. Choose Edit Move or Copy from the menu bar. In the Move or Copy dialog box, use the drop down boxes to select the name of the workbook you will

NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04107 Demonstration on Excel Cells and Creating Formulas Basic Computer Applications • Source Session/Topic 17 Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability. Session 17: Demonstration on Excel Cells and Creating Formulas Total Session Time: 60 minutes Prerequisites None Learning Tasks By the end of this session, students are expected to be able to: Describe on How to Insert and Delete Cells Describe Text and Cell Alignments Explain How to Apply Font, Color and Borders to Cells Explain How to Create Simple Formulas Resources Needed: Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape Black/white board and chalk/whiteboard markers Computer and LCD Handout 17.1: Monthly Budget SESSION OVERVIEW Step Time Activity/ Method Content 1 05 minutes Presentation Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks 2 35 minutes Brainstorming Presentation, Exercise Inserting and Deleting Cells 3 35 minutes Presentation, Exercise Manage Text and Cell Alignments 4 35 minutes Presentation, Exercise Applying Font, Color and Borders to Cells 5 50 minutes Buzzing Presentation, Exercise Creating Simple Formula 6 5 minutes Presentation Key Points 7 5 minutes Presentation Evaluation 8 10 minutes Presentation Assignment SESSION CONTENT Step 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes) READ or ASK student to read the learning objectives and clarify. ASK students if they have any questions before continuing Step 2: Inserting and Deleting Cells (35 minutes) Activity: Brainstorming (5 minutes) Ask students to brainstorm on the following question: What is a cell in excel worksheet? ALLOW few students to respond? WRITE their responses on the flip chart/ board CLARIFY and SUMMARISE by using the content below Cell is Intersection between row and column Inserting a cell When working in an Excel worksheet, you may need to insert or delete cells without inserting or deleting entire rows or columns. To Insert Cells Select the location where the new cell(s) should be inserted. It can be a single cell or a range of cells. Right-click and choose Insert. Note: You could also choose Insert Cell on the menu bar. Figure 1: Inserting A Cell Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 The Insert dialog box opens. Select either: Shift cells right to shift cells in the same row to the right. Shift cells down to shift selected cells and all cells in the column below it downward. Figure 2: Inserting Dialog Box Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Choose an option and click the OK button. Your result displays in the spreadsheet. Figure 3: Inserted Figure Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Deleting a cell To Physically Delete the Cell from the Spreadsheet Right-click and choose Delete. Figure 4:Deletind Cell Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 The Delete dialog box opens. Select either: Shift cells left to shift cells in the same row to the left. Shift cells up to shift selected cells and all cells in the column above it upward. Figure 5: Shifting Cell Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Choose an option and click the OK button. Your result displays in your spreadsheet. Merging cells In Excel, you have another alignment option available to you: merge and centre. This is performed when you want to select one or more cells and merge them into a larger cell. The contents will be centered across the new merged cell. The picture below shows why we might want to merge two cells. The spreadsheet presents Last Month and This Month Sales and Expenses for Sally. Notice that Sally's name appears above the Last Month column. To evenly centre Sally's name across the two cells we would perform a merge and centre. Figure 6: Merging Cell Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 To Merge Two Cells into One Select the cells that you want to merge. It can be cells in a column, row or both columns and rows. Click the Merge and Center button on the standard toolbar. Figure 7:Marging Cell More Than Two The two cells are now merged into one. Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Step 3: Manage Text and Cell Alignments (35 minutes) Using the Standard Toolbar to Align Text and Numbers in Cells You've probably noticed by now that Excel 2003 left-aligns text (labels) and right-aligns numbers (values). This makes data easier to read. Figure 8: Align and Numbers in cells Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 You do not have to leave the defaults. T ext and numbers can be defined as left-aligned, right-aligned or centered in Excel 2003. The picture below shows the difference between these alignment types when applied to labels. Text and numbers may be aligned using the left-align, center and right-align buttons of the Formatting toolbar: To Align Text or Numbers in a Cell Select a cell or range of cells Click on the Left-Align, Center or Right-Align buttons in the standard toolbar. The text or numbers in the cell(s) take on the selected alignment treatment. Changing Horizontal Cell Alignment We've previously seen how to align text or numbers using the left-align, center and right-align buttons in the standard toolbar. You can also define alignment in the Alignment tab of the Format Cells dialog box. Figure 9: Horizonatal Alignment Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 The Horizontal section features a drop-down that contains the same left, center, and right alignment options in the picture above and several more: Fill-"Fills" the cell with the current contents by repeating the contents for the width of the cell. Justify-If the text is larger than the cell width, Justify wraps the text in the cell and adjusts the spacing within each line so that all lines are as wide as the cell. Centre Across Selection-Contents of the cell furthest to the left are centred across the selection of cells. Similar to merge and centre, except the cells are not merged. To Change Horizontal Alignment using the Format Cells Dialog Box Select a cell or range of cells. Choose Format Cells from the menu bar. Figure

NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04107 Demonstration of Charts and Printing Management of Excel Document Basic Computer Applications • Source Session/Topic 18 Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability. Session 18: Demonstration of Charts and Printing Management of Excel Document Total Session Time: 60 minutes + 120 minutes of practical Prerequisites None Learning Tasks By the end of this session, students are expected to be able to: Describe Procedures of Creating a Chart Explain How to Move, Resize, and Delete Charts Explain How to Edit Charts Explain on How to Format a Chart Describe Page Setup Describe Procedure of Printing Excel Sheet Resources Needed Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape Black/white board and chalk/whiteboard markers Computer and LCD SESSION OVERVIEW Step Time Activity/ Method Content 1 5 minutes Presentation Presentation of Session Title and Learning Task 2 20 minutes Brainstorming Presentation, Exercise Creating Chart 3 20 minutes Presentation, Exercise Moving, Resizing, and Deleting Charts 4 30 minutes Presentation, Exercise Editing Charts 5 30 minutes Presentation, Exercise Formatting Chart 6 30 minutes Brainstorming Presentation, Exercise Page Setup 7 30 minutes Presentation, Exercise Printing Excel Document 8 10 minutes Presentation Key Points 9 5 minutes Presentation Evaluation SESSION CONTENT Step 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 Minutes) READ or ASK student to read the learning objectives and clarify. ASK students if they have any questions before continuing. Step 2: Creating Charts (20 Minutes) Activity: Brainstorming (5 minutes) Ask students to brainstorm on the following question: What is a chart? ALLOW few students to respond? WRITE their responses on the flip chart/ board CLARIFY and SUMMARISE by using the content below Understanding the Different Chart Types Excel allows you to create many different kinds of charts. Area Chart An area chart emphasizes the trend of each value over time. An area chart also shows the relationship of parts to a whole. Column Chart A column chart uses vertical bars or columns to display values over different categories. They are excellent at showing variations in value over time. Bar Chart A bar chart is similar to a column chart except these use horizontal instead of vertical bars. Like the column chart, the bar chart shows variations in value over time. Line Chart A line chart shows trends and variations in data over time. A line chart displays a series of points that are connected over time. Pie Chart A pie chart displays the contribution of each value to the total. Pie charts are a very effective way to display information when you want to represent different parts of the whole, or the percentages of a total. Other Charts Other charts that can be created in Excel 2003 include: Doughnut; Stock XY (scatter); Bubble; Radar; Surface; or Cone, Cylinder, and Pyramid charts. Identifying the Parts of a Chart Have you ever read something you didn't fully understand but when you saw a chart or graph, the concept became clear and understandable? Charts are a visual representation of data in a worksheet. Charts make it easy to see comparisons, patterns, and trends in the data. Figure 1: Parts of a Chart Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Source Data: The range of cells that make up a chart. The chart is updated automatically whenever the information in these cells change. Title: The title of the chart Legend: The chart key, which identifies each colour on the chart represents Axis: The vertical and horizontal parts of a chart. The vertical axis is often referred to as the Y axis, and the horizontal axis is referred to as the X axis Data Series: The actual charted values, usually rows or columns of the source data Value Axis: The axis that represents the values or units of the source data Category Axis: The axis identifying each data series. Creating a Chart Using the Chart Toolbar Charts can be created in a number of ways in Excel 2003. The quickest way to create and edit your charts is to use the Chart Toolbar. To Show the Chart Toolbar Choose View Toolbars Chart on the menu bar. Figure 2: Using the Chart Toolbar Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Parts of the Chart Toolbar Chart Objects List Box: This list box lets you select different parts of a chart for editing Format Chart Area: Used to format that part of the chart which is currently selected Chart Type: A drop-down menu that lets you selects different types of charts. The chart type can be changed at any time Legend: Used to show or hide the chart legend Data Table: Used to show or hide the actual Source Data used to create the chart By Row: Plots the Data Series using the row labels (Y-axis) By Column: Plots the Data Series using the column labels (X-axis) Angle Text: Use to rotate the angle of the X-axis and Y-axis labels Creating an Embedded Chart Charts can be created in either of two ways in Excel 2003: Embedded Charts and a Chart Sheet. Excel creates an embedded chart by default. An embedded chart is placed on the same worksheet as the source data used to create it. To Embed a Chart in a Worksheet Choose View Toolbars Chart on the menu bar. Select the range of cells that you want to chart. Your source data should include at least three categories or numbers. Figure 3: Selected Data for Embedding Chart Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Click the chart type pull down on the chart toolbar and select the chart that you would like to use. Figure 4: Use Chart Bar To Select Different Type Of Chart Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Open the chart options dialog box: Chart Options to add a title to your chart. Figure Chart Option Source: Goodwill Community Foundation 2002 Figure 4: Select the Titles tab and type the title of the chart in the

NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04107 Computer Safety: Virus, Data Storage And Protection Basic Computer Applications • Source Session/Topic 19 Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability. Session 19: Computer Safety: Virus, Data Storage And Protection Total Session Time: 120 minutes Prerequisites None Learning Tasks By the end of this session, students are expected to be able to: Explain How to Create Folders and Files for Data Storage Explain How to Keep Computer Running at Peak Performance Explain on How to Remove Spyware / Adware or Virus Resources Needed: Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape Black/white board and chalk/whiteboard markers Computer LCD SESSION OVERVIEW Step Time Activity/ Method Content 1 05 minutes Presentation Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks 2 30 minutes Brainstorming Presentation Exercise Creation of Folders and Files 3 30 minutes Presentation Exercise Keeping Computer Running at Peak Performance 4 40 minutes Presentation Small group discussion Removal of Spyware/Adware or Virus 5 10minutes Presentation Key Points 6 5 minutes Presentation Evaluation SESSION CONTENT Step 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 Minutes) READ or ASK student to read the learning objectives and clarify. ASK students if they have any questions before continuing Step 2: Create Folders and Files for Data Storage (30 minutes) Activity: Brainstorming (5 minutes) Ask students to brainstorm on the following question: What is computer folder? What is a computer file? ALLOW few students to respond? WRITE their responses on the flip chart/ board CLARIFY and SUMMARISE by using the content below A folder is a virtual location where programs, files, and other folders can be located. File is a resource for storing information, which is available to a computer program and is usually based on some kind of durable storage. A file is "durable" in the sense that it remains available for other programs to use after the program that created it has finished executing. Computer files can be considered as the modern counterpart of paper documents which traditionally are kept in office and library files, and this is the source of the term. User Interface You typically interact with the operating system through the graphical user interface. Most provide a place, called desktop, which provides access to computer resources. Operating systems have several features in common with application programs including icons, pointer, windows, menus, dialog boxes, and help. Icons: Graphic representations for a program or function Pointer: Controller by a mouse and changes shape depending upon its current function. For example, when shaped like an arrow, the pointer can be used to select items such as an icon. Window: Rectangular area for displaying information and running programs. Menus: Provide a list of options or request input. Help: Provide online assistance for operating system functions and procedures. File Storage Most of operating systems store data and programs in a system of files and folders. Unlike the traditional filing cabinet, computer files and folders are stored on a secondary storage device such as your hard disk. Files are used to store data and programs. Related files are stored into a folder, and for organizational purpose, a folder can contain other folders. For example, you might organize your electronic files in the ‘my documents folder’ on your hard disk. Figure 1: Windows Operating System Icon Window File Desktop Desktop Folder Task bar Source: print screen from Microsoft Window How to create folder A folder is a location where you can store your files. You can create any number of folders and even store folders inside other folders (subfolders). Here’s how to create a new folder: Go to the location (such as a folder or the desktop) where you want to create a new folder. Right-click a blank area on the desktop or in the folder window, point to New, and then click Folder. Type a name for the new folder, and then press Enter. The new folder will appear in the location you specified. Step 3: Keeping Your Computer Running at Peak Performance (30 minutes) With the amount of information available for download on the internet, it's easy to quickly fill up your valuable hard drive space and turn your computer into a sluggish, unresponsive monster. Keeping your hard drive clean is essential to the high performance that the latest computers can achieve. Fortunately, it's a simple process; one that can easily be performed on a regular basis and, with some organization, keeps your computer running like a well-oiled machine. You can discover how much hard drive space is available on your computer by accessing the DriveSpace program in your System Tools. A pie graph will show you the amount of used and unused space for each of your drives. Check this often to keep an idea of how much space you are using. There are six simple steps to clearing up your hard drive: Uninstall unused programs. Many times a new program will come along that looks fun to have or play with, but after a week or two you simply stop using it. Clean out temporary files. When your computer is not shut down properly, it will pass information from memory into fragmented files. Also, while you are running programs, your computer will write information that it does not immediately need into temporary files. Empty your internet cache. As you surf the internet your computer stores web pages and images into a temporary internet cache so that it can quickly recall and access information when you move back and forth between pages. Empty your mail programs of clutter. It's easy to browse through your email and leave old messages there, promising yourself you'll sort them out later. One or two messages don't take up much space, but hundreds certainly do. Empty your recycle bin. Once you've emptied your drive of cluttering, unnecessary programs; empty your recycle bin to remove what has been placed there in the process.

NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04107 Internet, Web and Computer Communications Basic Computer Applications • Source Session/Topic 20 Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability. Session 20: Internet, Web and Computer Communications Total Session Time: 60 minutes + 120 minutes of Practical Prerequisites None Learning Tasks By the end of this session, students are expected to be able to: Explain How the Internet and the Web Started Explain the Difference Between the Internet and the Web Uses of the Internet and the Web Describe Some Ways to Access the Internet Describe How to Access the Web Using Browser Describe Internet Communications Resources Needed Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape Black/ white board and chalk/ whiteboard markers Computer, LCD and Internet connectivity SESSION OVERVIEW Step Time Activity/ Method Content 1 05 minutes Presentation Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks 2 10 minutes Brainstorming Presentation Introduction to Internet 3 45 minutes Presentation Small Group Discussion Exercise Description of Ways to Access the Internet 4 30 minutes Presentation Difference Between Internet and Web 5 30 minutes Brainstorming Presentation Exercise Uses of the Internet and the Web 6 35 minutes Presentation Exercise Description Internet Communications 7 10 minutes Presentation Key Points 8 5 minutes Presentation Evaluation 9 10 minutes Presentation Assignment SESSION CONTENT Step 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes) READ or ASK student to read the learning objectives and clarify. ASK students if they have any questions before continuing . Step 2: Introduction to the Internet (10 minutes) Activity: Brainstorming (5 minutes) Ask students to brainstorm on the following question: What is internet? ALLOW few students to respond. WRITE their responses on the flip chart/ board CLARIFY and SUMMARISE by using the content below What is internet? In simple words, internet is a huge number of computers that are worldwide connected to each other. These computers are situated in many different countries and are connected through telephone lines, cables in the ground and even satellites in space. Internet is used when You want to communicate with a friend across town, in another state, or even in another country Perhaps you would like to send a drawing, a photo, or just a letter. When looking entertainment information. Perhaps you're researching a term paper or exploring different career paths. Step 3: Description of Ways to Access the Internet (45 minutes) The internet is often referred to as the information superhighway. It is like a highway that connects you to millions of other people and organizations. Unlike typical highways that move people and things from one location to another, the internet moves your ideas and information. Rather than moving through geographic space, you move through Cyberspace-the space that moves ideas and information electronically. The web provides an easy-to-use, exciting, multimedia interface to connect to the internet and to access the resources available in cyberspace. Access to the Internet The first step to using the Internet and Web is to get connected, or to gain access to the Internet. Internet Service Providers (ISP) gives us access to the Internet. National, regional, and wireless are the three types of ISPs. Browsers provide access to Web resources. The Internet and the telephone system are similar you can connect a computer to the Internet much like you connect a phone to the telephone system. Once you are on the Internet, your computer becomes an extension of what seem like a giant computer-a computer those branches all over the world. When provided with a connection to the Internet, you can use a browser program to search the Web. The role of providers (Internet Service Providers) The most common way to access the Internet is through an Internet service provider (ISP). The providers are already connected to the Internet and provide a path or connection for individuals to access the Internet. Your college or university most likely provides you with free access to the Internet either through its local area networks or through a dial-up or telephone connection. There are also some companies that offer free Internet access. Commercial Internet service providers offer national, regional, and wireless service. Use Browsers to Access Internet Activity: Small Group Discussion ( 15 minutes) DIVIDE students into small manageable groups ASK students to discuss on the following question What URL, HTML and Browser? ALLOW students to discuss for 10 minutes ALLOW few groups to present and the rest to add points not mentioned CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the contents below Browsers Browsers are programs that provide access to Web resources. This software connects you to remote computers, opens and transfers files, displays text and images, and provides in one tool an uncomplicated interface to the Internet and Web documents. Browsers allow you to explore, or to surf, the Web by easily moving from one Web site to another. Two well-known browsers are Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer. For browsers to connect to resources, the location or address of the resources must be specified. These addresses are called Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). . Part of URL All URLs have at least two basic parts. Protocol Protocols are rules for exchanging data between computers. The protocol http:// is the most widely used Web protocol. Domain name (top level domain) It is the name of the server where the resource is located. www.mtv.com is an example of Server (Many URLs have additional parts specifying directory paths, file names, and pointers.) The last part of the domain name following the dot (.) is the domain code. It identifies the type of organization. For example, .com indicates a commercial site. The URL http:// www.mtv.com connects your computer to a computer that provides information about MTV. Domain code (example com) How Does The Browser Work? Once the browser has connected to the Web site, a document file is sent back to your computer. This document contains Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) commands.