Pharmacotherapy of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
PST 06107
Basic Veterinary Pharmacology
Session 14: Pharmacotherapy of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
11/14/2020
1
Learning Tasks
By
the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Define Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
List signs and symptoms of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
Describe pharmacological treatment of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
Describe Control and Prevention of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
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Activity: Buzzing
What
is Trypanosomiasis in Cattle?
Definition of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
Trypanosomosis
is a chronic disease of cattle caused by protozoal species of the genus
Trypanosoma
Depending
on the species of parasite, the organisms are transmitted cyclically by
Tsetse flies
of the genus
Glossina
or mechanically by tsetse or other biting flies.
The
disease is the most economically damaging and widely distributed in dry areas
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Signs and Symptoms of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
Intermittent
fever
Anemia,
Weight loss
High mortality, especially if there is poor nutrition or other stress factors
.
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5
Pharmacological treatment of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle
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6
Activity:
Brainstorming
What
are the prevention measures for Trypanosomiasis in Cattle??
Prevention and Control of
Trypanosomiasis
in Cattle
Detection
and treatment of infected animals
Prophylactic treatment with Quinapyramine of susceptible animals and protection from biting flies
Control of tsetse flies includes
Frequent spraying and dipping of animals (mobile targets).
Spraying insecticides on fly-breeding areas.
Bush clearing and other methods.
Insecticides-impregnated screens (fixed targets).
Spray mobile target (
eg
. Pour-on on cattle).
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Key Points
African
trypanosomiasis in cattle represents a major constraint to agricultural and socio-economic development in vast areas of Africa.
The disease is caused principally by three species of trypanosome (
Trypanosoma
congolense
,
T. vivax
and
T.
brucei
) which are transmitted by several species of tsetse flies (
Glossina
).
Trypanosomiasis in cattle results in poor productivity and mortality
.
Infected animals suffer from a severe
anemia
and there is widespread tissue damage affecting organs such as the heart, skeletal muscles, endocrine system and reproductive tract.
There is no vaccine available for bovine trypanosomiasis, and the methods currently employed for control include chemotherapeutic and
chemoprophylactic
drugs, tsetse eradication or control and the use of
trypanotolerant
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Evaluation
What
is Trypanosomiasis in Cattle?
What are the common signs and symptoms of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle?
What is the pharmacological treatment of Trypanosomiasis in Cattle?
What are the control measures against Trypanosomiasis in Cattle?
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References
Riviere
J. E.,
Papich
M. G. (2009).
Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
(9
th
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Hsu
W. H. (2008).
Handbook of Veterinary Pharmacology
(1
st
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Kuafmann
J, (1996).
Parasitic infections of domestic animals
, (2
nd
ed
).Berlin,
Birkhäuser
Verlag
Press
Hoare
E. W. (2013).
A manual veterinary therapeutics & pharmacology
(2
nd
ed
),New
York, Forgotten Books
Press
Maddison
. J. (
ed
) (2008).
Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology
, (2nd
ed
). Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier Limited
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