Pharmacotherapy of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
PST 06107
Basic Veterinary Pharmacology
Session 13: Pharmacotherapy of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
Learning Tasks
By
the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Define Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
List signs and symptoms of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
Describe pharmacological treatment of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
Describe control and prevention of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
Activity: Buzzing
What
is Tuberculosis in Cattle? ?
Definition of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious, granulomatous disease of animals and man caused by acid-fast bacilli of the genus
Mycobacterium
.
The main tubercle bacillus in cattle is
Mycobacterium
bovis
, though
and
M.
avium
are also involved
Mycobacterium
bovis
can cause progressive disease in most warm-blooded vertebrates, including man
The clinical signs, treatment methods and public health significance for goats are similar to that of cattle
Signs and Symptoms of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
Tuberculosis
has two clinical forms; pulmonary and
extra pulmonary
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
In this respiratory form of the disease there are chronic, intermittent, moist cough with
later signs of dyspnea and tachypnea
Extra pulmonary
tuberculosis
In the
extra pulmonary
form, generalized signs including progressive emaciation, lethargy, weakness, anorexia, and a low-grade, fluctuating fever are observed
Pharmacological
Treatment of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
Treatment
of bovine tuberculosis is not recommended because it is not economical
However, in valuable animals
Isonicotinic
Activity:
Brainstorming
What
are the prevention and control measures for Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat??
Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Goat
Control
can be done through whole herd skin testing, slaughter surveillance and monitoring the movement of animals between herds
Vaccinating cattle for the control of bovine TB is not currently used within any international control program
This is because vaccines based on the TB, BCG vaccine, all interfere with the action of the tuberculin skin test which is used for the diagnosis of TB in cattle
If the BCG vaccine is used then it is impossible to differentiate between cattle that have TB and cattle that have been vaccinated
Key Points
Bovine
tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease of animals caused by a bacteria called
Mycobacterium
bovis
,
(
M.
bovis
) which is closely related to the bacteria that cause human and avian tuberculosis
TB usually has a prolonged course, and symptoms take months or years to appear.
Treatment of infected animals is rarely attempted because of the high cost, lengthy time and the larger goal of eliminating the disease
Disease eradication programs consisting of post mortem meat inspection, intensive surveillance including on-farm visits, systematic individual testing of cattle and removal of infected and
incontact
animals as well as movement controls have been very successful in reducing or eliminating the disease
Evaluation
What
is Tuberculosis?
What are the common signs and symptoms of Tuberculosis in Cattle?
What is the pharmacological treatment of Tuberculosis in Cattle?
What are the preventive measures for Tuberculosis in Cattle?
References
Riviere
J. E.,
Papich
M. G. (2009).
Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
(9
th
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Hsu
W. H. (2008).
Handbook of Veterinary Pharmacology
(1
st
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Kuafmann
J, (1996).
Parasitic infections of domestic animals
, (2
nd
ed
).Berlin,
Birkhäuser
Verlag
Press
Hoare
E. W. (2013).
A manual veterinary therapeutics & pharmacology
(2
nd
ed
),New
York, Forgotten Books
Press
Maddison
. J. (
ed
) (2008).
Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology
, (2nd
ed
). Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier Limited
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