NTA Level 6 • Semester 1 • PST06101

Principles of Management

Leadership and Management • Source Session/Topic 8

Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability.

Session 8: Principles of Management

Total Session Time: 120 minutes

Prerequisites

• None

Learning Tasks

By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:

• Define management principles

• Enumerate fourteen principles by Henry Fayol

• Describe relationship between fourteen principles by Henry Fayol in pharmaceutical

services

• List advantages of management principles to our current work

Resources Needed:

• Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape

• Black/white board and chalk/whiteboard markers

• LCD projector and computer

• Note books and Pens

SESSION OVERVIEW

Activity/

Step Time Content

Method

1 05 minutes Presentation Introduction, Learning Tasks

15 minutes Presentation

2 Defining Terms

Brainstorming

3 20 minutes Presentation Fourteen Management Principles

30 minutes Presentation

Relationship Between Fourteen Principles by

4 Small Group

Henry Fayol

Discussion

30 minutes Presentation Management Styles in Relation to

Pharmaceutical Services

20 minutes Presentation Advantages of Management Principles to our

Current Work

7 05 minutes Presentation Key Points

8 05 minutes Presentation Evaluation

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

SESSION CONTENTS

STEP 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes)

READ or ASK students to read the learning tasks and clarify

ASK students if they have any questions before continuing.

STEP 2: Definition of Management Principles (5 minutes)

Activity: Brainstorming (5 minutes)

Ask students to brainstorm on the following question:

• What are the management principles?

ALLOW few students to respond

WRITE their responses on the flip chart/ board

CLARIFY and SUMMARISE by using the content below

• Management principles are those philosophies or ideologies which were laid down by

management founders like Henry Fayol which to date are still very useful to all

management perspective pharmaceutical services inclusive.

STEP 3: Fourteen Management Principles by Henry Fayol (20 minutes)

• Division of Work

• Authority and Responsibility

• Discipline

• Unity of Command

• Unity of Direction

• Subordination of Individual Interest

• Remuneration

• The Degree of Centralization

• Scalar Chain

• Order

• Equity

• Stability of Tenure of Personnel

• Initiative

• Esprit de Corps

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

STEP 4: Relationship Between Management Principles and

Pharmaceutical Services (40 minutes)

Activity: Small Group Discussion ( 20 minutes)

DIVIDE students into small manageable groups

ASK students to discuss on the following question

• What is the relationship between management principles and pharmaceutical

services?

ALLOW students to discuss for 15 minutes

ALLOW few groups to present and the rest to add points not mentioned

CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the contents below:

• Division of work – To date in pharmaceutical services work is divides to different actors

either in line with specialties or to share workload to increase productivity.

• Authority and Responsibility – At pharmaceutical unit staff are appointed and charged

with authority and responsibilities to perform. The two should commensurate to enable an

actor to perform.

• Discipline – This principle refers on obedience of subordinates which smoothen working

environment. The principle is as well applied to pharmaceutical staff.

• Unity of Command – At pharmaceutical unit each staff is supposed to receive order from

one unit boss similar to other organizations.

• Unity of Direction – A unit has one objective regardless of different activities or

functions. However, all will be focusing on one meeting unit objective which finally

addressed common organization objectives. This applies to pharmaceutical unit.

• Subordination of Individual Interest – Staff at pharmaceutical unit similar to other

organizational staff their personal interest should be subordinate to organizational

interest.

• Remuneration – Motivation is very fundamental to all staff at work place pharmaceutical

staff inclusive.

• The Degree of Centralization – That refers to decision making sharing following from to

to lower level. Top levels (executives) make decision and lower level implement.

Delegation of that power to lower level is decentralization. It is applicable to

pharmaceutical services as well.

• Scalar Chain – Is a flow of power from top to down forming a structure. The head of

institution is one while followers are many. This applies to in pharmaceutical services.

• Order – Staff at working environment should have accessed resources to work well in

organization pharmaceutical staff the same.

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

• Equity – Equal and fair treatment should be practiced to all staff in organization

pharmaceutical staff same to give them room to perform.

• Stability of Tenure of Personnel – This function refers deployment and managing human

personnel. At pharmaceutical unit staff are hired and managed similar to other staff.

• Initiative – The function encourages involvement and creativity to add value for the

company. Even at pharmaceutical services new ideas are encouraged.

• Esprit de Corps – The function encourages mutual trust and cooperating among actors. In

other words, team work. At pharmaceutical unit cooperation as well is vital for

productivity.

STEP 6: Advantages of Management Principles in Favour of

Pharmaceutical Services (20 minutes)

• All fourteen management principles are useful to all management of pharmaceutical

services

• The principles guide leaders of pharmaceutical plan services, remunerate staff, making

decision, divide work among pharmaceutical staff, treating staff equally, etc.

• The principles assist in maintaining disciplines and levels of actors at pharmaceutical

services.

STEP 7: Key Points (05 minutes)

• Management principles are those philosophies or ideologies which were laid down by

management founders like Henry Fayol.

• Fourteen management principles are useful to pharmaceutical services as they guide

managers at those levels to apply them accordingly to address pharmaceutical services.

• The principles show levels of hierarchy at pharmaceutical unit similar to other

organization levels.

STEP 8: Evaluation (5 minutes)

• What are fourteen management principles by Henry Fayol?

• What are the advantages of management principles in the pharmaceutical services?

• What is the relationship between principles of management and motivation in

pharmaceutical services?

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

References

Peterson A.M, Kelly N.W (2014); Leadership and management in pharmacy practice, 2nd

edition, CRC press

Marquis, B. L and Huston, C. J (1996) Leadership Roles and Management Functions in

Nursing – Theory and Application, 2nd Edition: Lippincott, Philadelphia.

Graham, H. T. and Bennett, R. (1998). Human resources management. London: Pitman.

Heller, R. and Hindle, T. (1998). Essential managers manual. London: Dorling Kindersley.

Mashimi J B. (2006). Uongozi na Utawala Bora na maendeleo ya Afrika. Business Image

Graphic & Promotions.

Saleemi N.A. and Bogonko J. B. (1997). Management (Principles and Practice) Simplified.

N. A. Saleemi Publishers.

PST 06101 Leadership and Management NTA L 6 Semester 2 Facilitator Guide

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