Procedures for preparing pharmaceutical
Session 15: Procedures for preparing pharmaceutical
solutions of liquid in liquid for oral and external use
Total Session Time: 120 minutes + 30 hours of Practice
Prerequisites
Learning Tasks
By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
emulsions)
Resources Needed:
SESSION OVERVIEW
Activity/
Step Time Content
Method
1 05 minutes Presentation Introduction, Learning Objectives
45 minutes Presentation Procedures of preparing of Liquid Solutions
2
Buzzing from liquid in liquid
60 minutes Presentation Preparation of Pharmaceutical Liquid in Liquid
3
Demonstration Solutions for Oral and External Use
4 05 minutes Presentation Key Points
5 05 minutes Presentation Evaluation
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 104
SESSION CONTENTS
STEP 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes)
READ or ASK students to read the learning objectives and clarify
ASK students if they have any questions before continuing.
STEP 2: Procedures of preparing of liquid solutions of Liquid in liquid (45
minutes)
Activity: Buzzing (5 minutes)
ASK students to pair up and buzz on the following question for 2 minutes
ALLOW few pairs to respond and let other pairs to add on points not mentioned
WRITE their response on the flip chart/board
CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the content below
medicaments.
o Write out the formula either from the prescription (unofficial) or from an official
text (official).
o Calculate the quantities required for each ingredient in the formula to produce the
required final volume.
o Prepare a suitable label.
o For liquid to liquid solution measure the accurate volumes required.
o Make up to final volume with remaining vehicle.
o Transfer to a suitable container, label and dispense to the patient.
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 105
STEP 3: Preparation of Pharmaceutical Solutions of liquid in Liquid (60
minutes)
Activity: Demonstration (40 minutes)
DIVIDE students in small manageable groups.
PREPARE equipment and materials needed for demonstration
POSITION students so that everyone can see and hear
REVIEW steps of preparing solution of liquid in liquid with students
REFER students to the official formula of preparing Benzaldehyde Pcx In the
Tanzania Pharmaceutical Handbook
DEMONSTRATE the procedure of preparing solution of liquid in liquid according to the
ALLOW one student from each group to do a return demonstration and let others comment on it
CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE Using the content below
INFORM the students that “every student will practice in the skills laboratory under supervision
until is competent”
o Benzaldehyde ………..…………………………….. 1.0mL
o Alcohol (90%)…………………………………………80.0mL
o Purified water, freshly boiled and cooled ………… to 100.0mL
Thus:
Total amount of official formula
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 106
Then, amount of each ingredient can be obtained as summarized in table below,
Total amount of the official FACTOR total amount required
Alcohol (90%)……..80.0mL 40.0mL
Purified water………………………………to 0.5 to 50mL
volume and preparation is well mixed
STEP 4: Key Points (5 minutes)
medicaments
liquids can be mixed to form a homogenous system (Solution), by simple stirring or
shaking.
STEP 5: Evaluation (5 minutes)
STEP 6: Practices (30 hours)
supervision on the following.
• CHLOROFORM SPIRIT P.CX
• LEMON SPIRIT P.CX
• PEPPERMINT SPIRIT P.CX
• PEPPERMINT EMULSION, CONCENTRATED P.CX
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 107
References
Senya, S. S., Mwasha, C. Y. S., Muyinga, A. M., Amiri, R. I., & Mauga, E. A. S. K. (2011).
Tanzania Pharmaceutical Handbook (2nd ed.). Dar es salaam: School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied
Health Sciences.
Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain., & Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (1994). The Pharmaceutical Podex, Principles and Practice
of Pharmaceutics (W. Lund Ed. 12th ed.). London,: Pharmaceutical P.
Langley, C. A., & Belcher, D. (2008). Pharmaceutical Compounding and Dispensing. London:
Pharmaceutical Press.
delivery systems (7th ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. (2007). Martindale : the complete drug reference
(S. C. Sweetman Ed. 35th ed.). London: Pharmaceutical Press.
Session X: ———— -(Title)———————- 108
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