Feedstuffs | Dry

Feedstuffs | Dry % (DM) | Total Digestible Nutrients % (TDN) | Crude % (CP) | Digestible Caimito | 48.32 | – | 4.98 | Camachile | 34.78 | – | 9.96 | Gumamela | 19.10 | – | 4.14 | Bamboo | 42.0 | – | 7.60 | 3.54 Acacia | 43.40 | – | 9.10 |

Sources of Ca and P | % Ca | %P

Sources of Ca and P | % Ca | %P Steamed Bone Meal | 28.0 | 14.0 Dicalcium Phosphate | 26.0 | 18.0 Oyster Shell Flour | 33.0 | 0.0 College, Laguna p. 117

Feed Requirements

Feed Requirements A practical feeding program for goats, being ruminants, should be based on the type and quality of roughage available. This is because the quality of roughage available determines both the amount and the quality of concentrates needed to supplement the diet.

FEED Requirement

FEED Requirement AGE | FEEDS | AMOUNT PER DAY Birth – 3 days | Colostrum | Ad Libitum (3-5 times feeding) 4 Days – 2 Weeks | Whole Milk (Goat/Cow Milk) Vitamin – Mineral Water | 0.5 – 1 Li/Kid divided into 3 time feeding Ad Libitum Ad Libitum 2 Weeks–16 Weeks | Whole Milk of Milk Replacer Grass-Legume Hay or Quality Fresh Forage Vitamin-Mineral Mix Starter (22% CP) | 0.5 – 1 Li/Kid divided into 2 time feeding

Ad Libitum Ad Libitum Ad Libitum Increasing amount without causing digestive upset 4 Months-Kidding | Forage, Vitamin-Mineral Mix Concentrates (18-20%CP) | Ad Libitum Ad Libitum 0.2-0.7 Kg/Hd Dry, Pregnant, Bucks | Forage, Vitamin-Mineral Mix Concentrates (16-18%CP) | Ad Libitum Ad Libitum Lactating | Forage, Vitamin-Mineral Mix Concentrates | Ad Libitum Ad Libitum 0.3-0.5 Kg/Li of Milk

1 Ground Corn -12; Rice Bran -24; Copra Meal- 40; Soybean Oil Meal -8; Meat & Bone Meal- 10; Molasses- 5; and Salt-1 Kg. 2 Copra Meal- 50; Wheat Pollard -32; Molasses -15; Bone Meal- 2; and Salt -1Kg. 3 Copra Meal- 40; Corn -25; Soybean Oil Meal-15; Rice Bran -10; Molasses -8; Bone Meal- 1; and Salt -1 Kg.

1. Sanitation

1. Sanitation

Have pens cleaned daily and washed at least three times a week. Disinfect at least twice a month. Accumulated feces and urine provide a good breeding ground for disease-causing microorganisms. Provide a lagoon or pit to store waste for at least a month before spreading to the pasture. Use as fertilizer for orchards or vegetable garden. Train personnel to observe sanitary procedures. Provide separate pens for diseased animals. Limit visitors coming into the farm, including other animals. Quarantine newly arrive stock for at least a month before mixing with the main breeding stock.

HEALTH MANAGEMENT

2. Deworming

2. Deworming Aside from pneumonia, parasites rank second in causing heavy mortality. Tapeworms are the most debilitating worm problem in all ages of goats, Protozoa-like coccidia and amoeba are also common problems especially in young kids. Goats should be check regularly for specific worm load and deworm regularly depending on worm load and seasonal occurrences.

Know what kind of internal parasite is affecting your herd before attempting to use a deworming product. Speaker notes: Debilitating- To sap the strength or energy of goat.

3. External Parasites

3. External Parasites Lice and ticks are common problems. When these are observed, apply acaricide or chemicals against lice and ticks, in powder or dust form. This can be done by mixing the powder-form chemicals with 7 to 10 parts of starch or flour and apply as dusting powder. Refrain from using the liquid or spray form. Speaker notes: Acaricide – a substance or preparation for killing mites or ticks.

Common Infectious Diseases of Goats

Common Infectious Diseases of Goats 1. Bacterial Pneumonia Mode of transmission: Direct contact from infected or contaminated udder, navel infection, genital or intra uterine infection of dam, contaminated environment Symptoms: Fever, inability to suckle, nasal discharge, coughing and respiratory distress Gradual emaciation may terminate as pneumonia enteritis combination. Death common.

Prevention: Proper nursing in clean, dry environment necessary. Early cases respond to antibiotic treatment. Speaker notes: Emaciation – To make or become extremely thin, especially as a result of starvation. Enteritis – Inflammation of the intestinal tract, especially of the small intestine.

2. Infectious Arthritis

2. Infectious Arthritis Mode of Transmission Direct, through mouth, skin, open wounds or via umbilicus Symptoms: Swollen knees, lameness, pain if pressure is applied on affected joint. Fever may be present. Joints involved are hock, knee, elbow and stifle. Animal prefers recumbence, appetite affected with gradual deterioration. Prevention / Control: Minimize infection by treating wounds

(castration and navel) dressing, hygiene management especially in areas of confinement. Treatment includes wide spectrum anti-biotic and sulfa drugs Speaker notes: Recumbence – Lying down, especially in a position of comfort or rest; reclining.

Mode of Transmission: Direct or indirect .

Mode of Transmission: Direct or indirect . Symptoms: Hot, painful and swollen udder. May become red due to inflammation later changing to dark reddish-blue indicating necrosis of udder tissue. Milk may be bloodstained, may contain flakes or clots. Fever, loss of appetite, depression and dehydration; gait or movement of doe is affected.

Treatment: Intramammary infusion of antibiotics. Early and repeated treatment needed to prevent complications such as gangrene and toxemia. Prevention: Proper treatment of injured teats with antiseptics; disinfecting udders for milking and proper milking technique. Monitor by surveillance to detect early cases for immediate isolation and treatment.

Speaker notes: Gangrene – Death and decay of body tissue, often occurring in a limb, caused by insufficient blood supply and usually following injury or disease. Toxemia – A condition in which the blood contains toxins produced by body cells at a local source of infection or derived from the growth of microorganisms. Also called blood poisoning.

4. Sore Mouth /ORF/Contagious Ecthyma

4. Sore Mouth /ORF/Contagious Ecthyma Mode of transmission: Contaminated equipment, fences, manure, bedding and feeds Over crowding Contaminated vehicles and workers Infected suckling Iambs, contaminated teats and udders of dams Symptoms: Characterized by papules, pustules, vesicles and scabs on the skin of the face, genitalia and feet, mucous of the mouth, rumen, nostrils eyelids,gums,

tongue, palate and middle ear. Occurs commonly to less than one-year-old sheep/ goat, and feedlot Iambs 3- 7 months of age. Prevention/Treatment: Vaccinate feedlot Iambs after entering the fattening facilities vaccinate suckling Iambs 1-3 days of age

Speaker notes: Contagious Ecthyma – an infectious disease of sheep and sometimes goats and cattle, characterized by scabby pustular lesions on the muzzle and lips; caused by a paramyxovirus. Technical name: contagious pustular dermatitis Also called: scabby mouth (Austral)