Pharmacotherapy of Candidiasis and Dermatophytosis in Cattle
PST 06107
Basic Veterinary Pharmacology
Session 7: Pharmacotherapy of Candidiasis and
Dermatophytosis
in Cattle
Learning
Tasks
By
the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Define Candidiasis and Dermatophytosis in Cattle
List signs and symptoms of Candidiasis and Dermatophytosis in Cattle
Describe pharmacological treatment of Candidiasis and Dermatophytosis in Cattle
Describe dose, dosage and course of drugs used in the treatment of Candidiasis and Dermatophytosis diseases in Cattle
List contraindications in the treatment of Candidiasis and Dermatophytosis in Cattle
List common side effects and adverse effects of drugs in the treatment of Candidiasis and Dermatophytosis Diseases in Cattle
Describe Control and Prevention of Candidiasis and Dermatophytosis in Cattle
Activity: Buzzing
What
is Candidiasis? ?
Definition of Candidiasis and
Dermatophytosis
in Cattle
Candidiasis
Candida
species particularly
C.
albicans
is normally present on the mucous membranes, especially the alimentary tract.
It
is an opportunistic pathogen resulting in systemic or local
candida
infections in cattle and calves secondary to prolonged antibiotic or corticosteroid therapy.
Mastitis
and abortion also occur in cattle.
The following are the signs and symptoms of Candidiasis
Calves
with fore-stomach candidiasis have;
Watery diarrhea
Anorexia
Dehydration, with gradual progression to prostration and death.
Gross lesions of the skin and mucosae are generally single or multiple, raised, circular, white masses covered with scabs.
The organism can penetrate keratinized epithelium and cause marked keratinous thickening of the mucosae of the tongue, esophagus, and rumen
Gastrointestinal Candidiasis in Cow
Activity:
Brainstorming
How is Candiasis treated in Cattle?
Pharmacological Treatment
Nystatin
10% ointment or topical application of 1% iodine solution may be useful in the treatment of oral or cutaneous candidiasis, or
weeks
Contraindications to Ketoconazole
Hepatic impairment
Pregnant and lactating animals
Common Side Effects and Adverse Drug Reactions in Treatment of Candidiasis In Cattle
Ketoconazole
Hepatotoxicity,
GI disturbances anorexia, nausea, vomiting
Pruritus
Alopecia
Gynecomastia
Sexual impotence and
infertility
Key Points
Candidiasis
is a localized mucocutaneous disease caused by species of the yeast-like fungus Candida, most commonly C
albicans
Candidiasis affects the oral,
esophageal
, and gastric mucosa, with
diarrhea
and emaciation the most consistent signs.
Nystatin ointment may be useful in the treatment of oral or cutaneous candidiasis
Evaluation
What
is Candidiasis?
What are the common signs and symptoms of Candidiasis?
What is the pharmacological treatment of Candidiasis?
What are the common side effects of ketoconazole?
References
Riviere
J. E.,
Papich
M. G. (2009).
Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
(9
th
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Hsu
W. H. (2008).
Handbook of Veterinary Pharmacology
(1
st
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Kuafmann
J, (1996).
Parasitic infections of domestic animals
, (2
nd
ed
).Berlin,
Birkhäuser
Verlag
Press
Hoare
E. W. (2013).
A manual veterinary therapeutics & pharmacology
(2
nd
ed
),New
York, Forgotten Books
Press
Maddison
. J. (
ed
) (2008).
Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology
, (2nd
ed
). Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier Limited
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