Research Methods: Pre-Experimental and Descriptive Research (Part 3)
Explore “Pre-Experimental and Descriptive Research” in this Research Methods lesson. Part 3 of the five-part series brings together the source material and lesson topics. Use the contents links to find a section, read the notes, and consult the complete original teaching slides below.
Lesson topics
- Pre–Experimental Research Design (Non-Randomized Control Trials)
- 1. One group pre-test –post-test design: –
- NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
- Types of N.E.R.D.
- DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
Contents
- Read the original document
- Pre–Experimental Research Design (Non-Randomized Control Trials)
- 1. One group pre-test –post-test design: –
- NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
- Types of N.E.R.D.
- DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
- FEATURES: –
- Univariate descriptive research design
- SURVEY RESEARCH DESIGN
- Depending on the nature of phenomenon –
- Depending on the methods of data collection –
- EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH DESIGN
- 1. Case control :-
- 2. Cohort research design:-
- DEVELOPMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
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Read the original source document
Research Approach and Design – Preeti Kulshrestha: original teaching slides for this study series.
Pre–Experimental Research Design (Non-Randomized Control Trials)
Pre–Experimental Research Design (Non-Randomized Control Trials) It is considered as a very weak research design There is no control and randomization. Only manipulation is present One group pre-test –post-test design One shot case design
1. One group pre-test –post-test design: –
1. One group pre-test –post-test design: 2. One shot case design: Experimental group Treatment Post-test Experimental group Treatment Post-test
NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN It is also known as observational research design. It is a broad categories of research designs in which the researcher observes the phenomena as they occur naturally. There is no manipulation and control. Only randomization is present. Methods of data collection are questionnaires, interviews, observation etc.
Types of N.E.R.D.
Types of N.E.R.D.
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN To observe, document, and describe aspects of a situation as it naturally.
FEATURES: –
FEATURES: This design is used to observe, document, and describe a phenomenon occurring in its natural setting without any manipulation. These are used to gain more information. There is no randomization and no control.
Univariate descriptive research design
Univariate descriptive research design Prevalence studies Incidence studies Comparative descriptive research design Exploratory research design
SURVEY RESEARCH DESIGN
SURVEY RESEARCH DESIGN A survey is a research design used to collect information from different subjects within a given population. If a survey is conducted on a sample of population, it is called sample survey. If the entire population is involved, it is called a population survey.
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FEATURES: –
FEATURES: It collect current information Information is collected from a mix of subjects. Surveys can be descriptive, exploratory, comparative and correlational. Methods of data collection – questioning, interviews etc.
Depending on the nature of phenomenon –
Depending on the nature of phenomenon – Descriptive survey Exploratory survey Comparative survey Correlation survey
Depending on the methods of data collection –
Depending on the methods of data collection Written survey – Questionnaire Oral survey – Face to Face or Telephonic conversation, Oral Interview Electronic survey – E-Mails, SMS
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH DESIGN
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH DESIGN Its of 2 types Case control Cohort studies
1. Case control :-
1. Case control : It is also known as prevalence studies. In this study, cause of a disease are investigated after the occurrence of a disease. E.g. a researcher investigates the history of smoking in patients diagnosed with lung cancer.
2. Cohort research design:-
2. Cohort research design: It is also known as Incidence studies. A cohort is a group of people who have something in common. E.g. a researcher longitudinally observes a homogenous cohort of smokers and non-smokers for the developmental of lung cancer.
DEVELOPMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
DEVELOPMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN CROSS-SECTIONAL RESEARCH DESIGN: It is also known as Prevalence Studies. This design is also used in combination with designs where data are collected at a specific point in time. Such as descriptive cross sectional , exploratory cross sectional. E.g. breast feeding practices and newborn care in rural areas: a descriptive cross sectional study
Review questions and answers
What are the key points about Pre–Experimental Research Design (Non-Randomized Control Trials)?
Pre–Experimental Research Design (Non-Randomized Control Trials) It is considered as a very weak research design There is no control and randomization. Only manipulation is present One group pre-test –post-test design One shot case design
What are the key points about 1. One group pre-test –post-test design: -?
1. One group pre-test –post-test design: 2. One shot case design: Experimental group Treatment Post-test Experimental group Treatment Post-test
What are the key points about NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN?
NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN It is also known as observational research design. It is a broad categories of research designs in which the researcher observes the phenomena as they occur naturally. There is no manipulation and control. Only randomization is present. Methods of data collection are questionnaires, interviews, observation etc.
What are the key points about DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN?
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN To observe, document, and describe aspects of a situation as it naturally.
What are the key points about FEATURES: -?
FEATURES: This design is used to observe, document, and describe a phenomenon occurring in its natural setting without any manipulation. These are used to gain more information. There is no randomization and no control.
More lessons from this document
- Research Approach and Design – Preeti Kulshrestha — Part 1
- Research Approach and Design – Preeti Kulshrestha — Part 2
- Research Approach and Design – Preeti Kulshrestha — Part 3
- Research Approach and Design – Preeti Kulshrestha — Part 4
- Research Approach and Design – Preeti Kulshrestha — Part 5
Conclusion
The important points in Pre–Experimental Research Design (Non-Randomized Control Trials) should be reviewed alongside the definitions, examples and comparisons given above. Continue with the other four articles to cover the rest of the source material.