Introduction to the Health System in Tanzania
Session
1: Introduction to Health System in Tanzania
1
Learning Tasks
By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Define terms related to health system
State the vision and mission of the
MoHCDGEC
List levels of health care in Tanzania
List roles of the
MoHCDGEC
(Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children) in Health care System in Tanzania
2
Definition of Terms Related to Health System
Health
is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. (WHO)
Policy
is a law, regulation, procedure or administrative action created by government or non-government institution
Health policy
is a visionary program of action adopted by the government to have a healthy society, with improved social wellbeing that will contribute effectively to personal and national development.
3
Definitions Cont…
Medicines Policy
is a written document specifying the medium – to long – term goals set by the government for the pharmaceutical sector, their relative importance, and their main strategies for attaining them.
It is a political commitment to a goal and a guide for action.
It provides a framework for coordinating activities for pharmaceutical sector.
4
Vision and Mission of Ministry of Health in Health and Medicine system
Vision
To improve health and wellbeing of all Tanzanian, with a focus on those most at risk, and to encourage the health system to be more responsive to the needs of the people
5
Cont…
Mission
To facilitate the provision of basic health services that are good, quality, equitable, accessible, affordable, sustainable and gender sensitive
6
Levels of Health Care in Tanzania
Community health services
Dispensaries: village/ street level
Health centres: ward level
District hospitals: district level
Regional/referral hospitals: regional level (are consultant hospitals)
National, Consultant and specialized hospitals: national level
7
Community Health Services
It is the responsibility of each individual and/or household to take care of its own health
Village Government should recognize and enhance the essential role of communities in directing local health services.
The community will have the mandate to choose their own community health worker who will be the main linkage between the community and the nearest health facility.
8
Dispensary Services
This is the first formal health unit of level one health services.
It is a primary health facility which offers outpatient services including reproductive and child health services, and diagnostic services.
A dispensary caters for 5,000 people and oversees all the village health services.
Dispensaries shall provide primary health care services to the community.
Refer the references to identify the primary health services to be provided at dispensary level
9
Health Center Services
This is the second formal health unit of level one-health services.
It is a primary health facility, which offers Outpatient and In-patient services, maternity care, laboratory, dispensing and mortuary services.
A Health Centre shall cater for 50,000 people and supervise all the dispensaries in the Division.
10
District Hospital Services
It is also a level one health services and plays the following roles:
Out-patient and In-patient care
Act as the second referral level
f
or the primary health care facilities in the district or catchment’s area
Perform general surgical and obstetric operations
Conduct teaching, training and research programs in the district concerning community health
Give supportive supervision and inspection and provide technical skills to lower health facilities in the district and refers patients to the regional hospital.
11
Regional Hospital Services
This is a hospital establishment providing level two (Secondary) referral services from level one hospital
This level have the following functions:
To provide all services offered at district level but at a higher level of expertise
Conduct health research programs in the Region
Provide technical skills to lower health facilities in the Region and offer specialized treatment in Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Paediatric, and shall include Eye, Dental, Mental illnesses, Orthopaedics and Trauma
12
National, Consultant and Specialized Hospital Services
This is level three and the highest level of hospital services in the country
It acts as referral centre for level two hospitals.
13
National Hospital
Muhimbili
is the currently national hospital
It also acts as Eastern
zonal
referral hospital
14
Zonal Consultant Hospitals
At present there are four
zonal
referral or consultant hospitals.
Muhimbili
National Hospital
Two voluntary agency hospitals:
Bugando
Medical Centre and Kilimanjaro Christian Medical
Center
(KCMC)
Mbeya
Referal
Hospital (owned by the government)
15
Specialized Hospitals
There are two specialized hospitals
Mirembe
Hospital (Dodoma) and
Kibongoto
(
Moshi
)
They provide services to the mentally sick and TB patients respectively
16
Roles of the
MoH
in Health and Medicine Policy
Policy formulation, health legislation, regulation and control
Resource mobilization and allocation
Management support of level three hospitals including National,
Consaltant
and Special Hospitals
Supervision and Monitoring of special and Consultant Hospitals owned by NGOs
Monitoring and evaluation of health services countrywide
Activity:
Use the given references for extra roles of
MoH
17
Key Points
Health Policy is important in a country like ours where resources and technology are more limited than in other countries.
Medicines Policy is a written document specifying the medium – to long – term goals set by the government for the pharmaceutical sector, their relative importance, and their main strategies for attaining them.
MoHCDGEC
mission is to facilitate the provision of basic health services that are good, quality, equitable, accessible, affordable, sustainable and
gender
sensitive
18
Review Questions
What is the vision and mission of the
MoH
of
health care in Tanzania?
What are the levels of health care in Tanzania.
19
References
URT (2007):
The National Health Policy
, Dar
es
Salaam, Tanzania. Government Printer
URT (2016):
Task sharing policy guidelines for health sector services in Tanzania
, Dar
es
Salaam, Tanzania. Government Printer
URT (draft – 2017):
The National Health Policy
, Dar
es
Salaam, Tanzania
20
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