Networking Programmes in Dissemination of Pharmaceutical Information

Session 13: Networking Programmes in Dissemination of

Pharmaceutical Information

Learning Tasks

By the end of this session, students are expected to be able to:

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Networking

 Network is the computer that is connected through protocol that works together

 A network, in computing, is a group of two or more devices that can communicate.

located around the World, to the Internet itself.

o Communications such as email, instant messaging, chat rooms, etc.

o Shared hardware such as printers and input devices

o Shared data and information through the use of shared storage devices

o Shared software, which is achieved by running applications on remote computers

Importance of networking technology in pharmaceutical health information system

pharmaceutical profession.

industry:

o It improves the pharmacists work, especially in acquisition of consumable and non-

consumable medical materials, deliveries of pharmaceutical materials, stock and

inventory control.

o It gives them more time to help the customers in the service area.

o It reduces client waiting time, pharmaceutical expenditure and the manpower

requirement for any kind of pharmaceutical work.

o It facilitates sharing of information with other service area within the health facility

o They make it easier to handle the business tasks such as recording drugs, requesting

consumable and non-consumable medical items, tracking and paying drugs and

medication bills from insurance company, client/patients and other service user.

o It helps to improve patient safety, provide quality of care, monitoring efficacy and safety

of medicine in use.

o It gives updates of prices and other pharmaceutical product information online.

o It is used in online and e-prescribing of medication.

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The Networking Programs Used in Disseminating Pharmaceutical Information

o Personal area network (PAN): a computer network organized around an individual

person within a single building like small office.

o Local area network (LAN): used for single sites where people need to share resources

among themselves but not with the rest of the outside world.

o Metropolitan area network (MAN): a computer network across an entire city, college

campus or small region.

o Wide area network (WAN): occupies a very large area, such as an entire country or the

entire world.

o Storage area network (SAN): a high-speed sub network of shared storage devices.

o Enterprise private network (EPN): a computer network built by a business to

interconnect its various company sites (such as production sites, offices and shops) in

order to share computer resources.

o Virtual private network (VPN)

 An encrypted connection over the Internet from a device to a network.

 The encrypted connection helps ensure that sensitive data is safely transmitted.

 It prevents unauthorized people from eavesdropping on the traffic and allows the user

to conduct work remotely.

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Network can be divided in to two main categories:

Explanation on Categories of Network

the computers are equal and therefore known as peers. Normally each computer serves

as Client/Server and there is no one assigned to be an administrator responsible for the

entire network.

processing.

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Network Devices

Net work Cables

cable, fiber optic and twisted pair.

Coaxial Cable

two conductors. This coax can be used in 500-meter lengths. The cable itself is made up

of a solid center wire with a braided metal shield and plastic sheathing protecting the

rest of the wire.

Fiber Optic Cable

can carry a vast amount of information fast and over long distances.

Twisted Pair Cables

about connectors. This is pretty important and you will most likely need the RJ-45

connector.

can go with. The UTP has four pairs of wires and all inside plastic sheathing. The

biggest reason that we call it Twisted Pair is to protect the wires from interference from

themselves.

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Network interface cards, commonly referred to as NICs, and are used to connect a PC to a

network. The NIC provides a physical connection between the networking cable and the

computer's internal bus.

NICs come in three basic varieties: 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32- bit. The larger the number of bits

that can be transferred to the NIC, the faster the NIC can transfer data to the network

cable.

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Hubs/Repeaters:

media type.

maximum length. Hubs provide the signal amplification required to allow a segment to

be extended a greater distance. A hub takes any incoming signal and repeats it out all

ports.

segments can communicate with all the hosts on the backbone.

Ethernet Switches:

can link four, six, ten or more networks together.

Routers:

The router is a piece of network hardware that connects a local network to the

Internet. A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer

networks.

Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)

Contains Fiber wires hence are in smaller size and carry a vast amount of Information fast

over long distance. (10millibitis/sec) or 1000mbps

NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

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Explain about Health information systems (HIS) that’s used to disseminating/ sharing

pharmaceutical information through networking system

o Pharmacy information system (PIS)

o Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) system

o HL 7 (Health Level Seven)

Is the system that supports the distribution and management of medicines hence create

inventory.

List five (5) functions of pharmacy Information System

CPOE is the process of a medical professional entering medication orders or

other physician instructions electronically instead of on paper charts.

List five (5) functions of Computer physician order entry (CPOE) system

medication orders.

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Health Level Seven (HL7) It’s the system that allows computer systems to send and receive

pharmaceutical information to each other in secure way

List five (5) functions of Health Level Seven (HL7)

Allows send and Receive of Pharmaceutical Information

Allow sharing of Information between the pharmacies, physical facilities electronically.

Name first five (5) layers of Network OSI Model

a. Physical Layer

b. Data Link Layer

e. Session Layer

f. Presentation Layer

g. Application Layer

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Evaluation Questions

 Network is the computer that is connected through protocol that works together

 A network, in computing, is a group of two or more devices that can communicate.

Is the system that supports the distribution and management of medicines hence create

inventory.

List five (5) functions of pharmacy Information System

CPOE is the process of a medical professional entering medication orders or

other physician instructions electronically instead of on paper charts.

List five (5) functions of Computer physician order entry (CPOE) system

medication orders.

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The process of Electronic devices to share data or Information through networking system

Interoperability in healthcare refers to the technologies used in patient care to enable the

sharing of data to meet the goals of delivering personalized care and effective population

health management

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PRACTICALS

Demonstration on PowerPoint Basics

Power Point is computer software created by Microsoft which allows the user to create slides

with recordings, narrations, transitions and other features in order to present information. An

example of PowerPoint is presentation software made by Microsoft.

Microsoft PowerPoint, part of the Office suite, is a presentation graphics application.

 A PowerPoint presentation is a collection of electronic slides that can have text,

pictures, graphics, tables, sound and video.

 This collection can run automatically or can be controlled by a presenter

 Presentation software allows you to create slides, handouts, notes, and outlines.

EXAMPLE OF PRESENTATION

Gather Your Tools

 Container

 Fertilizer

Container Gardening

 Soil

Starr City Garden Club  Water Hose

 Spade

 Bedding Plants

By: Maxine Greene

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Components of the Power Point Window

List Elements of Power Point /Parts of the PowerPoint Window/Elements of Power Point

Window

select tasks in different categories and allows you to quickly enhance your slides in a

few steps. It provides quick access to the most common actions and features in

PowerPoint

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outline format (text), as well as a list of all the slides in the presentation (with visuals)

List five Presentation Views found in Power Point

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Explanations of Views

located in the upper portion of the screen with the lower portion of the screen being

allocated for adding notes to the slide.

PowerPoint Ribbon

 During this presentation, we will refer to the PowerPoint “Ribbon” in terms of

navigating the program.

 The Ribbon is the strip of buttons across the top of the main window.

 Users can access anything the program has to offer through the Ribbon.

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Creating a Blank Presentation

Create a New Presentation

 Select “File” then “New”

 Shortcut: Hold the Control button, then press ‘N’ for “New”

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Open an Existing Presentation

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Saving a Presentation

 Select “File” then “Save As”

 Shortcut: Press f12 to Save the file with a new name

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Demonstration on Enhancing PowerPoint Presentation

FORMATTING TEXT

Formatting text

 Change Font Typeface and Size

 To change the font typeface:

 Click the arrow next to the font name and choose a font.

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Change Text Color

 To change the text color:

 Select the text and click the Colors button included on the Font Group of the

Ribbon, or

 Highlight the text and right click and choose the colors tool.

 Select the color by clicking the down arrow next to the font color button.

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Change Paragraph Alignment

 The paragraph alignment allows you to set how you want text to appear. To change the

alignment:

 Click the Home Tab

 Choose the appropriate button for alignment on the Paragraph Group.

 Align Left: the text is aligned with your left margin

 Center: The text is centered within your margins

 Align Right: Aligns text with the right margin

 Justify: Aligns text to both the left and right margins.

Indent Paragraphs

 To indent paragraphs, you can do the following:

 Click the Indent buttons to control the indent.

 Click the Indent button repeated times to increase the size of the indent.

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Text Direction

 To change the text direction:

 Select the text

 Click the Text Direction button on the Home tab

 Click the selection

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Bulleted and Numbered Lists

 Bulleted lists have bullet points, numbered lists have numbers, and outline lists combine

numbers and letters depending on the organization of the list.

 To add a list to existing text:

 Select the text you wish to make a list

 Click the Bulleted or Numbered Lists button

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Insert Pictures from Files

List Steps to Insert Picture from file In Power Point

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OR

You can use other method To Insert Picture as follows

When you have a blank slide (or parts of a blank slide), you can also click on options within

these blank compartments to insert pictures

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Insert Clip Art

List Steps to Insert Picture from file In Power Point

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Format Pictures

 To resize the image, click on the picture to surround the image with a blue box.

 Drag the corner dot away from the center to make it larger and toward the center to

make it smaller.

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Insert a Header and Footer

List Steps to Insert a Header and Footer In Power Point

 Go to “Insert” then “Header and Footer”

 This dialog box allows you to add a date and time on the slide.

Insert Date and Time

List Steps to Insert Date and Time In Power Point

 Go to “Insert” then “Date & Time”

 Select on Check box for Include Date and Time and Slide Number

 Click Apply to all Slide

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Click

Here

Insert a Hyperlink

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Insert Tables

 Go to the “Insert” ribbon then select “Table”

 Move the mouse over the table illustration to select the size of the table you would like to

use.

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OR

You can use other method To Insert Table as follows

When you have a blank slide (or parts of a blank slide), you can also click on options w/n

these blank compartments to insert tables

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Insert Charts

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OR

You can use other method To Insert Charts as follows

When you have a blank slide (or parts of a blank slide), you can also click on options within

these blank compartments to insert charts

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Demonstration on Creating PowerPoint Slide Show

OPEN NEW SLIDE

on Create.

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Inserting a Slide

Click

here

‐ As well, you can right‐click between any 2 slides in the preview frame located on the left‐hand

side of the Normal view and select “New Slide”

Click

Here

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Deleting a Slide

“Delete” from the Home tab

Click Here

left‐hand side of the Normal view and select “Delete Slide”

Click Here

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Add a Slide

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Add a Slide Theme from Gallery (DESIGNS)

 Go to the “Design” ribbon

 Select a design theme from the Theme toolbar

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ANIMATIONS

what works best for your presentation is to play around and experiment with all the

different options.

other stylistic effects) to keep the audience interested (probably because the

presentation itself was less than riveting). The best presentations are the ones that

effectively use animations as an aid in presenting information, rather than distracting

from it. In short, a good rule of thumb to remember would be “Less is more.”

Animating objects on a slide…

1. Go to the Animations tab.

2. Select/Highlight an object on the slide (this could be the title, the main body of text, a

textbox, a picture, a shape, a chart, a table, a bullet point, etc…

3. Click on “Custom Animation”

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4. The custom animation box will pop up.

5. Click on “Add Effect”

6. Select the type of animation you’d like for this object / component.

7. Select the specific animation that you’d like for this object / component

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Animation Example

Please note that if these notes are presented as a .pdf file, then this animation example will not

work

Also note that this slide is a fun example of what can be done and is not intended to contradict

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SLIDE TRANSITIONS

slide is displayed

the transition occurs on a mouse click or after an allotted amount of time has passed.

Click here to get more

Transition on your

choice to all slide or

selected Slide only

display below

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Create a Slide Master

 The Slide Master acts as a template for your entire presentation.

 Altering anything on the Slide Master will change the formatting of all the slides in your

presentation.

 Open the slide Master

 View Tab >> Presentation Views >> Slide Master

 The Slide Master Tab appears on the left-hand side of Home Tab

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Edit the Slide Master

 Clicking on the Slide Master Tab provides a set of Slide Master Formatting Groups:

 Edit Master

 Master Layout

 Edit Theme

 Background – set the background for all the slides

 Page Setup

 Close — Click on Close button to go back to Normal View.

Edit the Slide Master…

 Choose the top Slide Master Slide in the left panel

 You can edit the Background, Bullet styles, Slide Titles, and Title animations here.

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Print a PowerPoint presentation

 To get started, go to the File > Print menu option.

 Choose Your Printer

 You should choose the printer that you want to send your presentation to.

 Choose the Pages to Print

 You may not want to print every slide in your presentation. The good news is that

PowerPoint makes it easy to choose a selection of pages to print.

 To make a selection for the slides to print, click on the dropdown just

under Settings. This defaults to Print All Slides, but there are several options.

 Choose Orientation and Color Settings

 Orientation describes the direction that your content is printed on. You can

choose between Portrait and Landscape orientation.

 Then Print

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Demonstration on Getting Started with Microsoft Word (Word

Processor)

Basics of the Word Window/ Elements of Microsoft word

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Explanation

List Elements of Microsoft Word/ Elements of Word Window/ Parts of Word Processor

Shown above is the Microsoft Word default window

Reading Layout View, Print Layout View, or Outline View

Views In Microsoft Word

List five Changes in View found in Microsoft Word

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Spelling Check In Microsoft Word

List five Spelling Checker drop down in Microsoft Word

Columns Found In Microsoft Word

List five Menu Bars found In Microsoft Word/ List Five Columns found in Word Processor

Change Text Case

List five Change Cases found in Microsoft Word

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Paragraph Formatting Tools

List four Formatting Tool bars found in Word Processor

Differentiate Save and Save As

Save it’s the item menu found in Microsoft Word while its used to store data for future use

hence

Save As it’s the item menu found in Microsoft Word hence its used to keep memory of data or

Information with Name or respected copy also can put protection to your document Example

putting Passwords.

List Procedures to Put Password in a Document of Microsoft Word/List steps to

Encrypt data in Microsoft Word

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Preparation of Document using Microsoft Word Application 2007/2010

Figure 5: Opening New Blank document

CUT, COPY AND PASTE

 CUT

The cut function physically removes selected text from its original location and places it in a

new location.

 COPY

The copy function makes a copy of the selected text and places the copy in a new location,

leaving the original text in its original location.

• PASTE

If you Copy text, you typically need to Paste it somewhere.

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Demonstration on Microsoft Word Basics

Bullets and Numbering

List five procedures to Insert Bullets in Microsoft Word

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List five procedures to Sort Document in Microsoft Word

LINE SPACING

List five Line Spacing Specifications

PAGE SETUP

List five page setup found In Microsoft word

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Demonstration on Advanced Microsoft Word formatting

Introduction of Symbols

There are many Symbols that you might often see in publications that are not directly available

from your keyboard. For example, the Copyright symbol, ©, is not available on the keyboard

but can be selected from Word's Symbol Dialog Box.

Other commonly used symbols that appear in the Symbol Dialog Box are:

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List Procedures to Insert Symbols into your Document of Microsoft Word

Insert Headers and Footers

Header

It means the Top Part of Microsoft Word that contains the Heading of the Document.

Footer

It means the Bottom Part of Microsoft Word that contains the displays the Document.

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List Procedures to Insert Header and Footer into your Document of Microsoft Word

Create a Text Box

List Procedures to Inert Text Box into your Document of Microsoft Word

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Demonstration on Tables Creation, Editing and Formatting

Creating a Tables

Tables allow large amounts of text and/or numbers to be presented in an organized and easy to

read fashion.

o Row – A row runs horizontal in a table and is divided by borders

o Borders – Separating lines in the table

o Column – A column runs perpendicular in a table and is divided by borders

o Cell – A cell is the box that is created when your rows and your columns intersect each

other. The cell contains your data or information

Figure 1: Row and Column Direction

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Mention Procedures/ steps to insert Table in Word Processor

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Mention Sub Menus that are found Insert in Word Processor

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Working with Image in Microsoft Word

WordArt Drawing Objects

Also included on the Drawing toolbar is the WordArt Feature. Using WordArt, you can create

text graphics that bend, slant, and appear metallic or wooden and much, much more. WordArt

can even be shadowed, skewed, rotated, and stretched

Here are just a few examples of what WordArt allows you to do:

List Steps to Insert Word Art In Microsoft Word

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Inserting Pictures from your Computer

A picture doesn't have to be in the Clip Gallery in order for you to insert it into your document.

The Clip Gallery is just an easy place to store clips you want to use again and again.

o Click Insert from the Menu Bar.

o Select Picture and From File from the cascading menu. The Insert Picture dialog box

opens.

o Locate and select the file to insert the selected picture into your document.

Figures 3: Inserting Picture to the File

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Creating and Modifying Diagrams and Charts

Insert a Chart

List Steps to Insert Chart from a given Table in Microsoft Word

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Change Page Orientation

 On the Page Layout tab, in the Page Setup group, click Orientation.

 Click Portrait or Landscape.

List Two Type of page Orientation

Explain the activities of Word Processor In Daily Pharmaceutical works

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Demonstration on Printing and Managing Documents

Once you have created a document, often you will want to Print it using a printer

A printer needs to be connected to your computer, and there also has to be paper & ink already

inside the printer.

 The first thing to do is to check what the document will look like once it has been

printed.

 This is called a Print Preview

Print a Document

List Steps to Print A Document In Microsoft Word

print.

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Setting Page Margins

The Page Margins define where on the page Excel will print the worksheet. By default, the top

and bottom margins are set at 1 inch in Excel 2003. The left and right margins are set at .75

inch. Margin settings can be changed to whatever you want. Different margins can be defined

for each worksheet in the workbook.

o Select the correct worksheet.

o Choose File Page Setup from the menu bar.

Figure 1: Page Setup Optional Figure 2: Page Setup Dialog Box

source:

Goodwill community foundation 2002

o Select the Margins tab.

o Use the spin box controls to define the settings for each page margin-Top, Bottom, Left,

Right, Header and Footer.

o Click the OK button to change the margin settings.

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Changing the Page Orientation and Paper Size

The Page tab of the Page Setup dialog box lets you change page orientation (portrait or

8.5 X 11 inches, with a portrait orientation (prints up and down on the long side of the page). A

landscape orientation, on the other hand, prints up and down on the short side of the page.

o Select the correct worksheet.

o Choose File Page Setup from the menu bar.

o Click on the Page tab.

Figure 3: Changing Page Orientation Dialog Box

o Choose an

Orientation (Portrait or Landscape) for the worksheet.

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o Select a Paper Size from the list of available paper size options that appear in the list

box.

o Click on the paper size.

o Click the OK button to accept the page settings.

o The Page tab of the Page Setup dialog box lets you shrink the spreadsheet data so it fits

on a specified number of pages when you print. Click the Fit to: option button and enter

the desired number of pages wide and pages tall.

The Page tab of the Page Setup dialog box lets define the resolution of the print job. Print

Quality is measured in dpi, or dots per inch. High dpi provides a better print quality.

Print Area: By default, Excel prints from the A1 to the last occupied cell in a worksheet. You

can specify a different range of cells to print

Print Titles: Prints column and row labels on each page of the printout. Specify these rows or

columns in the Rows to Repeat at Top and Columns to Repeat at Left textboxes

Print – Gridlines: Determines whether gridlines are printed. However, turning off gridlines

does not affect their appearance in Normal View

Print – Black and White: If you used colours in your worksheet but don't want to waste the

ink in your colour printer, use black and white

Print – Draft Quality: Choose draft quality to print the worksheet without gridlines or

graphics

Print – Row and Column Headings: Click this option to include row numbers and columns

letters in your printed document

Page Order: Determines the order in which worksheets are printed.

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MICROSOFT PUBLISHER

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Learning task

 Describe concepts related to Ms Publisher

 Explain the purposes of Microsoft Publisher

 Identify the types of publications available in Publisher

 Modify an existing publishing in Microsoft Publisher

 Create a new, blank publication in Microsoft Publisher

 Print publication, store, and back up publications in Microsoft Publisher

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 Microsoft Publisher: Is a desktop publishing program that makes it easier to

create many different publications including newsletters, brochures, flyers, signs,

business cards, letterheads and other publication designs.

 Desktop Publishing: Is the process of using the computer and specific types of

software to combine text and graphics to produce documents such as newsletters,

brochures, books, etc.

 Desktop publishing software: Is a tool for both graphic designers and non-

designers to create visual communications for professional or desktop printing

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Purposes of MS Publisher allows you to:

 Choose a template

 Templates allow you to quickly create well-designed publications.

 There are many types of templates including newsletters, brochures, flyers,

greeting card templates, and a variety of other publication types.

 Change templates while designing

 Making changes in Publisher is easy. If you have Flyer Template A,

and then decide you don’t like it, Publisher allows you to change a

different Flyer template.

 Publisher will transfer the text and images from Flyer Template A to

the new flyer.

 Simply choose ‘Publication Designs’ from the Task Pane and apply

another design to see the template change instantly.

 Customize a template

 Templates can be customized for a specific use.

 Preferred Font colors can be used instead of normal black colour.

 Use Color and Font Schemes options

 A template’s color and/or font schemes can be changed to have a dramatic

impact on the publication’s look.

 This can help to keep the same design layout, but choose colors and fonts

that work best in your publication.

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MAY THE ALMIGHT GOD BE WITH YOU ALWAYS

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