NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04101

Sections in a Pharmacy Department

Dispensing • Source Session/Topic 18

Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability.

Session 18: Sections in a Pharmacy Department

Total Session Time: 120 minutes

Prerequisites

• None

Learning Tasks

By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:

• List Different Sections of Pharmacy Department

• Explain Activities Carried out and Services Offered in Department

• Describe the Requirements for a Functional Dispensing Unit

Resources Needed:

• Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape

• Black/white board, chalk and whiteboard markers

SESSION OVERVIEW

SESSION CONTENTS

STEP 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes)

READ or ASK students to read the learning tasks and clarify

ASK students if they have any questions before continuing.

STEP 2: Sections/Units of a Pharmacy Department (5 minutes)

|Activity: Buzzing (5 minutes) |

| |

|ASK students to pair up and buzz on the following question for 2 |

|minutes |

| |

|What are the sections of hospital pharmacy? |

| |

|ALLOW few pairs to respond and let other pairs to add on points not |

|mentioned |

| |

|WRITE their response on the flip chart/board |

| |

|CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the content below |

• For good pharmaceutical practice, the hospital pharmacy department is

organized into the following sections/area:

o Pharmacy administration section

o Dispensing section

o Compounding section

o Strong room

o Sterile preparations section

o Storage section/main store room

o Drug information section

STEP 3: Activities carried out and services offered in pharmacy department

(60 minutes)

|Activity: Small Group Discussion ( 20 minutes) |

| |

|DIVIDE students into small manageable groups |

| |

|ASK students to discuss on the following question |

| |

|What are the activities that are carried out and services offered in |

|pharmacy department? |

| |

|ALLOW students to discuss for 15 minutes |

| |

|ALLOW few groups to present and the rest to add points not mentioned |

| |

|CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the contents below |

• The following are activities/services offered by pharmacy department:

o Receiving, Storage and distribution of medicines

o Compounding of sterile and non-sterile products

o Dispensing of medicines

o Therapeutic consultations

o Patient counselling

o All other activities associated with the patient’s drug therapy

Step 4: The requirements for a functional dispensing unit (40 minutes)

The following are the requirements of a functional dispensing unit:

• The premises:

o Should inspire confidence in the users of the service

o Should be clean and hygienic

o Well designed and organized

o Regularly monitored

o Tidy, accessible and secure

o Should provide suitable environmental conditions for both personnel and

products

• Dispensing and compounding equipments:

o Should be of appropriate design

o Suitable, well maintained and adequate for the work to be undertaken

o All equipment must be maintained in accurate working order

o Checked for cleanliness prior to each use

o A range of glass and plastic beakers and conical flasks

o graduated glass and plastic measuring cylinders

o A range of graduated glass and plastic pipettes

o A pipette filler

o Stainless steel & plastic spatulas

o containers for each type of dosage form

o A suitable range of labels

o Spoons & Counting trays for tablets and capsules

o Appropriate information sources, for examplespharmacopoeias

• Quality assurance procedures.

To assure the quality of all medicines prepared or supplied, control

procedures are necessary; these measures include:

o quality of raw materials

o supervision, documentation

o packaging and labelling

o labelling for stock

o Storage conditions and expiry date

• Accessible sources of Drug information

o Competency in the use of information sources is an essential part of

pharmacy practice.

o It is advised to become familiar with these different sources of drug

information so that the required information of various types can be

readily retrieved.

o Sources of drug information can be obtained from either of the

following:

▪ Internet source e.g : www.cdnphar , www.which.net/health

▪ Subscription source or (e.g pharmaceutical journal, bulletin)

▪ Textbook sources e.g Pharmacopoeia

• The personnel:

o Should be adequately trained and motivated personne

o Pharmacists, Pharmaceutical technicians and Pharmaceutical Assistants

together with appropriate support staff

o Standards of personal hygiene and politeness should be high

o Appropriate protective clothing worn during working hours

o Eating, drinking and smoking should not be permitted in any area where

medicines are prepared or supplied

[pic]

Dispensing Balance

Figure 1: Dispensing Aids

[pic]

Counting Triangle

STEP 6: Key Points (5 minutes)

• The premises on which a dispensing service is provided should reflect the

quality of service and inspire confidence on patients in the nature of

pharmaceutical service delivered

• Maintaining a clean environment requires a regular routine of cleaning

shelves and a daily cleaning of floors and working surfaces

• For good pharmaceutical practice in dispensing and compounding, the

hospital pharmacy department is organized into the following

sections/areas; pharmacy administration section, dispensing section,

compounding section, strong room, sterile preparations section, storage

section/main store room, drug information section

• Pharmaceutical personnel working in pharmacy department must be well

trained with necessary knowledge, skills and caring attitude to perform

activities of pharmaceuticals

STEP 7: Evaluation (5 minutes)

• What are the sections of a pharmacy department?

• What are the activities offered in a pharmacy department?

• What are the requirements for a functional dispensing unit?

References

Abraham G/Giorgis (2004). Drug smuggling and counterfeiting in Ethiopia.

Masters Dissertation, University of Bradford, UK

Amanda, L.E., et al.(1999). Intervention research in rational use of drugs.

Health policy and planning 14(2):89-102

Management Sciences for Health (1997). Managing drug supply. West Hartford,

United States of America; Kumarian press

Tietze, K.J., (1997). Clinical skills for pharmacists: a patient focused

approach. Philadelphia, United States of America: Mosby, Inc.

World Health Organization (1997). Quality assurance of pharmaceuticals: a

compendium of guidelines and related materials. Geneva, Vol.1

Bentley, A. O., & Rawlins, E. A. (1977). Bentley's textbook of

pharmaceutics (8th ed.) London, United Kingdom: Bailliere Tindall

Cooper, J. W., Gunn, C., & Carter, S. J. (2008). Cooper and Gunn's

dispensing for pharmaceutical students (12th ed.). New Delhi, India:

CBS

FMHACA of Ethiopia (2012). Manual for Medicine Good Dispensing practices.

(2nd ed.). Ethiopia

[pic]

———————–

PST 04101Dispensing

NTA Level 4 Semester 1

December 2016

A) Dispensary B) Health Centre C) District Hospital D) Regional and

Referral Hospital

194

NATIONAL ESSENTIAL MEDICINE LIST FOR TANZANIA (NEMLIT)

Name of medicine Route of administration

Pharmaceutical forms and strengths

A letter before the name of each medicine indicates the lowest health care

facility where the medicine may be available.

1.0 ANAESTHETICS

1.1 Anaesthetics, General

C Ether anaesthetic

Liquid for inhalation, bottle 500ml

C Halothane

Liquid for inhalation, bottle 250ml

C Ketamine

Injection (hydrochloride), 10mg/ml in 20ml

C T iohpental

Powder for injection (sodium salt), 0.5g, in 20ml

C Oxygen

Cylinder (medical gas) for inhalatio

1.2 Anaesthetics, Local

C Bupivacaine

Injection 0.5% (hydrochloride) in 7.5% dextrose heavy spinal

A Lignocaine

Injection (hydrochloride), 1% in 10ml vial

B Lignocaine

Injection (hydrochloride), 2% in 2ml vial

C Lignocaine in Dextrose

Injection (hydrochloride), 5% and 7.5% dextrose, in 2ml ampoules for spinal

anaesthesia

B Lignocaine

Injection (hydrochloride) 2% with adrenaline 1:100,000 in 2ml ampoule for

dental use

C Lignocaine

Jelly (hydrochloride) 2%, 5% in 30g tube

MUSCLE RELAXANTS 2.0 AND CHOLINESTERASE

INHIBITORS

D Gallamine

Injection (triethiidide) 40mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

C Neostigmine

Injection (hydrochloride or hydrogen tartarate),1mg/ml in 1ml ampoule,

Injection (hydrochloride or hydrogen tartarate), 2.5mg/ ml in 1ml ampoule

D Pancuronium

Injection (bromide) 4mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

C Suxamethonium

Powder for injection (bromide or chloride) 50mg/ml in 2ml vial

3.0

ANALGESICS, ANTIPYRETICS, NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY MEDICINES AND

MEDICINES USED TOTREAT GOUT

A Acetylsalicylic acid

Tablets 300mg

D Allopurinol

Tablets 100mg

B Diclofenac

Tablets (sodium/potassium salt) 25mg, 50mg

195

C Diclofenac

Injection (sodium salt), 25mg/ml in 3ml ampoule

A Diclofenac

Gel

C Diclofenac

Tablets 100mg (Slow release)

C Diclofenac

Rectocaps 100mg

C Ibuprofen

Tablets 200mg

C Indomethacine

Capsules 25mg, 50mg

A Mefenamic acid

Tablets/Capsules 500mg

A Paracetamol

Tablets 500mg

A Paracetamol

Syrup 125mg/5ml

C Tramadol

Tablets 50mg, 100mg

C Tramadol

Injection 50mg/ml in 2ml

4.0 ANTI-MIGRAINE MEDICINES

A Acetylsalicylic acid

Tablets 300mg

A Paracetamol

Tablets 500mg

5.0 ANALGESICS NARCOTICS AND ANTAGONISTS

C Morphine

Injection (sulfate) 10mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

C Naloxone

Injection (hydrochloride) 0.4mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

C Pethidine

Injection (hydrochloride) 50mg/ml in 1ml and 2ml ampoule

C Pethidine

Capsules 50mg

6.0

ANTI-ALLERGIES AND MEDICINES USED IN ANAPHYLAXIS AND CARDIOGENIC SHOCK

A Chlorpheniramine

Tablets (maleate) 4mg

A Chlorpheniramine

Injection (maleate10mg/ml in 1ml ampoule)

A Chlorpheniramine

Elixir (maleate) 2mg/5ml

C Loratadine

Tablet 10mg

C Loratadine

Syrup 5mg/5ml

C Cetrizine

Tablets (hydrochloride) 10mg

C Cetrizine

Oral solution 5mg/5ml

A

Adrenaline (Epinephrine)

Injection (as hyrochloride or hydrogen tartarate) 1mg/1ml ampoule

D Dopamine

Injection (hyrochloride) 40mg/ml in 5ml ampoule

A Hydrocortisone

Powder for injection (as sodium succinate) 100mg in vial

A Promethazine

Tablets (hydrochloride) 25mg

A Promethazine

Injection (hydrochloride) 25mg/ml in 2ml

A Promethazine

Syrup 5mg/5ml

C Dexamethasone

Injection (phosphate as sodium salt) 4mg/ml

196

7.0 ANTIDOTES

7.1 Antido

Syrup 5mg/5ml

C Dexamethasone

Injection (phosphate as sodium salt) 4mg/ml

196

7.0 ANTIDOTES

7.1 Antidotes (Non speciﬁ c)

C Ipecacuanha

Syrup, containing 0.14% Ipacacuanha alkaloid

A Charcoal, activated

Tablets or Powder, 50g

C Magnesium sulphate

Powder, 5g

7.2 Antidotes (Speciﬁ c)

B Atropine

Injection (sulphate) 600mcg/ml in 1ml ampoule

8.0 ANTI-EPILEPTICS AND ANTI-CONVULSANTS

C Carbamazepine

Tablets 200mg, 400mg

C Carbamazepine

Syrup 100mg/5ml

C Diazepam

Tablets 2mg, 5mg

A Diazepam

Injection 5mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

A Phenobarbital

Tablets (as sodium) 30mg, 100mg

C Phenobarbital

Injection (as sodium salt), 200mg in 2ml ampoule

C Phenobarbital

Injection (as sodium salt), 100mg in 2ml ampoule

A Phenytoin

Tablets/Capsules (as sodium salt) 50mg, 100mg

A Phenytoin

Suspension (as sodium salt) 30mg/5ml

C Magnessium sulphate

Injection 50mg/ml in 10ml vial

9.0 ANTI-INFECTIVE MEDICINES

9.1 Amoebicides

B Metronidazole

Tablets 200mg

B Metronidazole

Suspension (as benzoate) 200mg/5ml in 100ml

C Tinidazole

Tablets 500mg

D Secnidazole

Tablets 1000mg

9.2 Anthelminthics

A Albendazole

Tablets 200mg, 400mg, chewable

A Albendazole

Suspension 100mg/5ml in 30ml bottle

A Ivermectin

Tablets 3mg, 6mg

A Levamisole

Tablets (as hyrdochloride) 40mg

A Levamisole

Suspension as hydrochloride 40mg/5ml

A Mebendazole

Tablets 100mg, chewable

A Mebendazole

Suspension 100mg/5ml in 30ml bottle

B Niclosamide

Tablets 500mg, chewable

C T iahbendazole

Tablets 500mg, chewable

9.3 Anti-bacterial Medicines

A Amoxycillin

Capsules (as trihydrate) 250mg, 500mg

A Amoxycillin

Powder for suspension (as trihydrate), 125mg/5ml in 100ml bottle

197

C

Amoxycillin + Clavulanic Tablets (as trihydrate) 500mg + 125mg acid

clavulanic acid (as potassium salt)

Amoxycillin + Clavulanic

acid

Powder for suspension (as trihydrate) 125mg+ C 31.25mg (as

potassium salt) in 5ml, 100ml

bottle

C Ampicillin

Powder for injection (as sodium salt) 250mg, 500mg in vial

D Azithromycin

Tablets (as dihydrate) 250mg

C Ceftazidime

Powder for injection (as pentahydrate) 250mg in vial

C Ceftriaxone

Injection 250mg, 1g in vial

C Ceftriaxone

Infusion 2g

A Chloramphenicol

Capsules 250mg

A Chloramphenicol

Powder for injection (as sodium succinate) 1g in vial

B Chloramphenicol

Oily injection (as sodium succinate) 1g in vial

A Chloramphenicol

Suspension (as palmitate), 125mg/5ml injection (as phosphate), 150mg/ml in

2ml ampule

C Ciproﬂoxacin

Tablets (as hydrochloride) 250mg, 500mg

C Ciproﬂoxacin

IV solution (as lactate) 2mg/ml in 100ml bottle

D Clindamycin

Capsules 150mg

D Clindamycin

Injection (as phosphate) 150mg/ml in 2ml ampule

C Cloxacillin

Capsules (as sodium salt), 250mg

C Cloxacillin

Powder for injection (as sodium salt) 250mg, 500mg in vial

C Cloxacillin

Powder for suspension (as sodium salt), 125mg/5ml in 100ml bottle

A Co-trimoxazole

Tablets 480mg (sulphamethoxazole 400mg/ trimethoprim 80mg)

A Co-trimoxazole

Suspension (sulphamethoxazole 200 mg/5ml + trimethoprim 40mg/5ml in 100ml

bottle

A Doxycycline

Tablets/capsules (as hydrochloride), 100mg

A Erythromycin

Tablets (as stearate or ethyl succinate), 250mg, ﬁ lm coated

A Erythromycin

Powder for suspension (as ethylsuccinate), 125mg/5ml in 100ml bottle

C Flucloxacillin

Capsule (sodium) 250mg

C Flucloxacillin

Syrup 125mg/5ml

C Flucloxacillin

Injection (sodim) 250mg

A Gentamicin

Injection (as sulphate) 40mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

D Kanamycin

Powder for injection, 1g

C Metronidazole

Tablets 200mg

198

C Metronidazole

Suspension as (benzoate) 200mg/5ml in 100ml

C Metronidazole

Injection (I.V) 5mg/ml in 100ml bottle

C Nalidixic acid

Tablets 500mg

A Nitrofurantoin

Tablets 100mg

A Penicillin, benzyl

Powder for injection (as sodium or potassium salt) 3g ( 5,000,000 IU) in

vial

C

Penicillin, benzathine benzyl

Powder for injection 1.44g (2,400,000 IU) in vial

A

Penicillin, phenoxy methyl-

Tablets (as potassium salt), 250mg

A

Penicillin, phenoxy methyl-

Powder for suspension 125mg/5ml in 100ml bottle

A

Penicillin, procaine benzyl

Fortiﬁed powder for injection 4g (4,000,000 IU)

C Sulphadiazine

Tablets 500mg

C Sulphasalazine

Tablets 500mg

C Trimethoprim

Tablets 100mg, 200mg

9.4 Anti-ﬁ larials

A Ivermectin

Tablets 3mg, 6mg.

B Diethylcarbamazine

Tablets (dihydrogen citrate) 50mg

9.5 Anti-leishmaniasis Medicines

D Pentamidine

Injection (di-isethionate) 200mg vial

D Sodium stilbogluconate

Injection 10% (equivalent to pentavalent antimony 100mg/ml) in vial

9.6 Anti-malaria Medicines

A

Artemether/ Lumefantrine (Alu)

Tablets 20mg/120mg

A Chloroquine

Tablets 150mg base

B Quinine

Tablets (as sulphate or bisulphate) 300mg

A Quinine

Injection (as dihydrochloride) 300mg/ml in 2ml ampoule, 25ml vial

A

Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine

Tablets Sulfadoxine 500mg + Pyrimetheamine 25mg

C

Sulfamethoxyprazine + Pyrimethamine

Tablets Sulfamethoxypyrazine (salfalene) 500mg+ pyrimethamine 25mg

9.7 Anti-schistosomals

A Praziquantel

Tablets 600mg

9.8 Anti-trypanosomals

C Melarsoprol

Injection 3.6% solution (in propylene glycol containing 5% water)

C Suramin sodium

Powder for injection 1g in vial

199

9.9 Anti-leprosy Medicines

A Clofazimine

Capsules 100mg, tablets 300mg

A Dapsone

Tablets 50mg, 100mg

A Sodium fusidate

Tablets 250mg

A Sodium fusidate

Suspension 250mg/5ml in 100ml bottle

9.10 Anti-tuberculous Medicines

A Ethambutol

Tablets (hydrochloride) 400mg

A Ethambutol + Isoniazid

Tablets 400mg + 100mg

A Isoniazid

Tablets 100mg

A Pyrazinamide

Tablets 500mg

A Rifampicin + Isoniazid

Capsules/Tablets 150mg + 75mg

A Rifampicin + Isoniazid

Capsules/Tablets 150mg + 150mg

A Streptomycin

Powder fo rinjection (as sulphate) 1g in vial

Rifampicin + Isoniazid A + Pyrazinamide +

Ethambutol

Tablets 150mg + 75mg + 400mg + 275mg

9.11 Antiviral Medicines

C Abacavir

Tablets 300mg

C Abacavir

Syrup 20mg/ml, 240ml

C Acyclovir

Tablets 400mg, 800mg

C Acyclovir

Cream 5%

C Didanosine

Tablets 100mg, 200mg, 400mg

C Efavirenz

Capsules 200mg, 600mg

C Ganciclovir

Capsules 250mg

C Ganciclovir

Powder for injection, 500mg/vial

C Idoxuridine

Topical ointment 5%

C Idoxuridine

Eye solution 5%

C Indinavir

Capsule 400mg

C Lamivudine

Tablets 150mg

C Lamivudine

Syrup 10mg/ml, 100ml bottle

C

Lamivudine + Zidovudine

Tablets 150mg + 300mg

C Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Capsules 200mg, 400mg

C Nelﬁnavir

Tablets 250mg(mesylate)

C Nelﬁnavir

Oral powder (mesylate) 50mg/g

C Nevirapine

Tablets 200mg

C Nevirapine

Syrup 10mg/5ml

C Ritonavir

Capsules 100mg,

C Ritonavir

Syrup 600mg/7.5ml

C Saquinavir

Capsules 200mg (mesylate)

C Saquinavir/Ritonovir

Capsules 200mg, 400mg

200

C Stavudine

Tablets/Capsules 15mg, 20mg, 30mg, 40mg

C

Stavudine + Lamivudine + Nevirapine

Tablets 30mg + 150mg + 200mg

C

Stavudine + Lamivudine + Nevirapine

Tablets 40mg + 150mg + 200mg

C Zidovudine

Tablets 100mg, 300mg

C Zidovudine

Syrup 10mg, 100ml bottle

9.12 Fungicides (Systemic and Mucosal)

D Amphotericin B

Powder for injection 50mg in vial

B Clotrimazole

Vaginal cream (nitrate) 2%, 10%

A Clotrimazole

Pessaries 100mg

C Fluconazole

Capsules 50mg, 150mg, 200mg

C Fluconazole

Suspension 50mg/5ml

C Fluconazole

I.V infusion 2mg/ml in 25ml and 100ml bottle

B Griseofulvin

Tablets 500mg

B Griseofulvin

Suspension 125mg/5ml

C Ketoconazole

Tablets 200mg

C Ketoconazole

Suspension 100mg/5ml in 30ml bottle

C Miconazole

Oral gel

A Nystatin

Tablets 500,000 IU

A Nystatin

Suspension oral 100,000 IU/ml in 30ml bottle

9.13 Medicines for Opportunistic Infeciton

B Co-trimoxazole

Tablets 480mg

C Dapsone

Tablets 50mg, 100mg

C Fluconazole

Capsules 50mg, 150mg, 200mg

C Fluconazole

Suspension 50mg/5ml

C Fluconazole

I.V infusion 2mg/ml in 25ml and 100ml bottle

C Flucytocine

I.V infusion 10mg/ml 250ml bottle

10.0 ANTI-NEOPLASTIC, IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AND RELATED MEDICINES

D Cyclophosphamide

Tablets 50mg

D Cyclophosphamide

Powder for injection 100mg, 200mg, 500mg, 1000mg in vilal

D Prednisolone

Tablets 5mg

11.0 ANTI-PARKINSONISM MEDICINES

C Benzhexol

Tablets (hydrochloride) 2mg, 5mg

D Biperidine

Tablets 2mg/5ml injection 1ml ampoule

D Levodopa

Tablets/capsule 125mg, 250mg, 500mg

D Levodopa+Carbidopa

Tablets 100mg + 25mg

201

12.0 MEDICINES AFFECTING THE BLOOD

A

Ferrous sulphate + folic acid

Tablets 200mg + 0.25mg

A Ferrous sulphate

Tablets 200mg (equivalent to 60mg iron)

A Ferrous fumarate

Syrup 20mg/ml (equivalent to 6.5mg iron/ml)

A Folic acid

Tablets 5mg

C

Hydroxocobalamin (Vit B12)

Injection 1mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

C Iron dextran

Injection 5% (equivalent to 50mg iron/ml) in 5ml and 20ml ampoule

13.0 ANTI-COAGULANTS AND ANTAGONISTS

D Acetylsalicylic acid

Tablets 75mg,

D Heparin

Injection (sodium salt) 1,000 IU/ml in 5ml ampoule, ﬂashes

K

C Phytomenadione (Vit. 1

)

Injection 10mg

K

C Phytomenadione (Vit. 1

)

Injection 0.5 mg/ml, 2mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

D Protamine sulphate

Injection 10mg/ml in 5ml ampule

D Tranexamic acid

Tablets 500mg

D Tranexamic acid

Injection 100mg/ml in 5ml ampoule

D Tranexamic acid

Syrup 500mg/5ml in 300ml bottle

D Warfarin

Tablets (sodium salt) 5mg

D Streptokinase

Powder for injection 250,000 unit or 750,000 unit vial

D Low molecular Heparin

Injection, equivalence of Enoxaparin(sodium) 6000-8000 IU/ml

D Low molecular Heparin

Injection, equivalence of Edalteparin (sodium) 10,000IU/ml

D Factor VIII concentrate

500IU

D Factor IX concentrate

500 IU

D

Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)

Bags

14.0 PLASMA SUBSTITUTES

C Dextran 70

IV solution 6% in sodium chloride bottle of 500ml

C Polygeline

IV solution 3.5%, 500ml bottles

15.0 CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINES

15.1 Anti-anginal Medicines

C Glycerly trinitrate

Tablets 500 mcg sublingual

C Isosorbide Dinitrate

Tablets 10mg, 20mg

D Nifedipine

Capsules/tablets 10mg, sublingual

C Propranolol

Talets 40mg

202

15.2 Anti-arrhythmic Medicines

D Amiodarone

Tablets (hydrochloride) 100mg

D Amiodarone

Injection (hydrochloride) 30mg/ml in 10ml ampoule

D Verapamil

Tablets 40mg 80mg

D Verapamil

Injection 2.5mg/ml, 2ml ampule

15.3 Anti-hypertensive Medicines

A Methyldopa

Tablets 250mg

C Captopril

Tablets 12.5mg, 25mg

C Nifedipine

Tablets 10mg, sublingual

C Nifedipine (retard)

Tablets 20mg, 30mg

C Atenolol

Tablets 50mg, 100mg

A Propranolol

Tablets 40mg

15.4 Hypertensive Emergencies

C Hydralazine

Powder for injection (hydrochloride) 25mg/ ml ampoule

C Hydralazine

Tablets 25mg

15.5 Cardiac Glycosides

C Digoxin

Tablets 0.25mg (250mg)

C Digoxin

Injection 250mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

15.6 Diuretics

B Frusemide

Tablets 40mg

C Frusemide

Injection 10mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

A Hydrochlorthiazide

Tablets 25mg, 50mg

C Mannitol

IV solution 10% in 200 ml bottle

D Spironolactone

Tablets 25mg, 50mg

A Bendroﬂuazide

Tablets 5mg

15.7 Lipid Lowering Medicines

D Simvastatin

Tablets 10mg

D Atorvastatin

Tablets 10mg

16.0 DERMATOLOGICAL MEDICINES

16.1 Antiseptic/Disinfectants

A Povidone-iodine

Solution 10% (250ml bottle)

A

Chlorinated lime+Boaric Acid

Solution (prepare from raw materials) (eusol)

A Gentian violet

Soluiton 0.5% in water (prepare from raw materials)

B Potassium permanganate

Solution 1:1000 (prepare from raw materials)

B Potassium permanganate

Solution 1:2000 (prepare from raw materials)

B Potassium permanganate

Solution 1:4000 (prepare from raw materials)

203

16.2 Anti-inﬂammatory (steroidal) Medicines and Anti-pruritic Medicines

C Bethamethasone

Skin cream or ointment (valerate) 0.1% in 15g tube

C Bethamethasone

Lotion (valerate) 0.1% in 30ml bottle

C Hydrocortisone

Cream 0.5%

A Calamine

Skin ointment/lotion

C

Para aminobenzoic Acid (PABA)

Cream/lotion 5%

C Tretinoin acid

Topical cream 0.025%, Gel 0.01%

16.3 Fungicides (topical)

A Benzoic acid Compound

Ointment (prepare from raw materials) (whitﬁed’s)

C Clotrimazole

Cream 1% in 20g tube

C Clotrimazole

Powder 0.01g/g

C Clotrimazole

Vaginal pessaries 100mg, 500mg

C Nystatin

Cream 100,000 IU/g in 15g tube

C Nystatin

Pessaries 100,000 IU

C Miconazole

Pessaries (nitrate) 1.2g

C Miconazole

Vaginal cream (nitrate) 2%

C Miconazole

Spray (nitrate) 0.16% + oral gel

D Tolnaftate

Solution 1% 10mg/ml

D Terbinaﬁne

Cream 1%, 15 and 30g Tube

16.4 Keratoplastic and Keratolytic Agents

C Silver nitrate

Stick

C Podophylin

Solution 10-25% (prepare from raw materials)

C Coaltar

Ointment 5% (prepare from raw materials)

C Salicylic acid

Topical solution 5% (prepare from raw materials)

A Emulsifying agent

Cream – the equivalent to E45 or sofderm

C Imiquimod

Cream 5%

16.5 Anti-infective Agents (topical)

B

Oxytetracycline + hydrocortisone

Spray 150mg + 50mg

B

Oxytetracycline + hydrocortisone

Ointment 3%+1%

A Benzoyl peroxide

Ointment/cream 2.5%, 5% and forte

A Chloramphenical

Ointment 1%

C Mupirocin

Ointment 2%

17.0 GASTRO-INTESTINAL MEDICINES

17.1 Antacids and Anti-ulcer Agents

C Cimetidine

Tablets 200mg, 400mg

204

C Cimetidine

Injection 100mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

C Famotidine

Tablets 40mg

C Famotidine

Injection 100mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

C Lansoprazole

Capsule, 30mg

A Magnesium trisilicate co.

Tablets (250mg magnesium trisilicate + 120mg dried aluminium hydroxide)

C Omeprazole

Tablets 20mg

C Ranitidine

Tablets 150mg

C Ranitidine

Injection 50mg/2ml

C Cholestyramine

Sachet 4g

17.2 Anti-spasmodics

A Hyoscine butylbromide

Tablets 10mg

C Hyoscine butylbromide

Injection 20mg/ml; 1ml ampoule

17.3 Anti-emetics

A Promethazine

Tablets (hydrochloride/theoclate) 10mg, 25mg

A Promethazine

Injection (hydrochloride) 25mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

A Promethazine

Elixir (hydrochloride) 5mg/5ml

D Metoclopramide

Tablets 10mg

D Metoclopramide

Injection 5mg/2ml

C Prochlorperazine

Tablets 5mg, 25mg

C Prochlorperazine

Injection (as mesylate) 12.5mg/ml ampoule

17.4 Cathartics

A Bisacodyl

Tablets 5mg

A Bisacodyl

Suppositories 5mg, 10mg

C Lactulose

Solution 3.1 – 3.7g/5ml, 200ml bottle

17.5 Anti-haemorrhoids

Local anaesthetic + C astrigent and anti

inlfamatory

Suppositories/ointment (Bismuth oxide 25mg + Bismuth subgallate 59mg + Peru

balsam 49mg+Zinc oxide 296mg) equivalent to Anusol suppositories

Local anaesthetic + C astrigent and anti

inlfamatory

Suppositories (Cinchocaine hydrochloride 5mg + Hydrocortisone 5mg)

equivalent to ProctosedylR

Local anaesthetic + C astrigent and anti

inlfamatory

Cream/ointment containing (Benzyl benzoate +1.2%Bismuth oxide

0.875%+Hydrocortisone acetate 0.5%+Peru balsam 1.85%) equivalent to

Anulgesic

Local anaesthetic + C astrigent and anti

inlfamatory

Suppositories containing (benzyl benzoate 33mg+bismuth oxide 24mg+bismuth

subgallate 59mg+hydrocortisone acetate 5mg+Peru balsam 49mg+bromocaine HCl

27mg+Zinc oxide 296mg) equivalent to Anugesic

205

17.6 Medicine Used in Diarrhoea

A

Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) low osmolarity

Sachet to make 1 litre of solution containing Sodium chloride 2.6g, Sodium

citrate 2.9g, Potassium chloride 1.5g and Glucose 20.5g) repalcement

solution

C Loperamide

Tablets/capsules (hydrochloride) 2mg

A Zinc

Tablets dispersible (equivalent to 20mg elemental zinc)

18.0 HORMONES AND ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS AND RELATED MEDICINES

18.1 Adrenal Hormones and Sysnthetic Substitutes

D Dexamethasone

Tablets 5mg

D Dexamethasone

Injection (as sodium phosphate) 4 mg/ml in 1 ml ampoule

C Hydrocortisone

Powder fo rinjection (as sodium succinate)

C Prednisolone

Injection 100mg in vial

C Prednisolone

Tablets 5mg

18.2 Oestrogens

D Ethinyloestradiol

Tablets 50 mcg

18.3 Insulin and Anti-diabetic Agents

C Chlorpropamide

Tablets 250mg

C Glibenclalmide

Tablets 2.5mg, 5mg

D Gliclazide

Tablets 40mg

C Tolbutamide

Tablets 500mg

C Metformin

Tablets 500mg

D Glucagon

Injection powder for reconst 10mg/vial

D Glipizide

Tablets 2.5mg, 5mg

C

Insulin-short acting (human) soluble

100 IU/ml100

C

Insulin-intermediate acting (human)

100 IU/ml

C

Insulin-long acting (human) lente

100 IU/ml

18.4 Ovulation Inducers

C Clomiphene

Tablets 50mg

18.5 Oral Contraceptives

A

Ethinyloestradiol + Norgestrel

Tablets 0.03mg + 0.3mg

A

Ethinyloestradiol Levonorgestrel

Tablets 0.03mg + 0.15mg

A

Ethinyloestradiol Desogestrel

Tablets 0.03mg + 0.15mg

206

18.6 Barrier and Other Contraceptives

A

Intra Uterine Devices (IUD)

Coper T 380A

A Condoms male

Latex

A Condoms female

Polyurathane sheet 15cm x 7cm

18.7 Progesterone

A Levonorgestrel

Tablets 0.03mg, 0.07mg

A Medroxyprogesterone

Injection acetate (depot) 150mg

D Hydroxyprogesterone

Injection (coproate) 200mg/ml in 1ml

A Levonorgesterol

Implant 36mg (set)

D Norethisterone

Tablets 5mg

18.8 Thyroid, Parathyroid Hormones and Antagonists

C Carbimazole

Tablets 5mg

A Iodine (Lugol’s solution)

Solution, Iodine 2mg + Potassium Iodide 4mg/g in water (prepare from raw

material)

D Levothyroxine

Tablets (sodium salt) 0.05g

A Iodized oil

Capsules with nipple 240mg/0.5ml and 480mg iodine/ml

19.0 SERA AND IMMUNOGLOBULINS

D Gamma – Globulins

Injection I.V 500mg, 2.5g, 5g

C

Anti-D(Rho) Immunoglobulin

Injection 0.25 mg/ml in set of 5ml

C

Anti-rabies Immunoglobulin

Injection 1000 IU/5ml ampoule

B Snake venom polyvalent

Antiserum injeciton (|Central African type) in vila

Tetanus

B Immunoglobulin (human) – ATS

Injection 1,500 IU in vial

Tetanus

B Immunoglobulin (human) – ATS

Injection 10,000 I.U in vial

Tetanus

B Immunoglobulin (human) – ATS

Injection 100,000 I.U in vial

Tetanus

B Immunoglobulin (human) – ATS

Injection 500,000 I.U in vial

20.0 VACCINES

20.1 For Immunisation

A

BCG Vaccine (Bacillus Calmette Guerin)

Injection 20 doses in 10ml vial

DPT Vaccine

A (Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus)

Injection 20 doses in 10 ml vial

A

DPT Vaccine (Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus) + Hepatitis Injection

Vaccine injection

207

A

Measles Vaccine (Live attenuated)

Injection 10 deses in vial

A

Poliomyelitis Vaccine (Live attenuated)

Oral solution 20 doeses in container

A Tetanus (toxoid) Vaccine

Injection 20 doses in 10ml vial

20.2 For Speciﬁc Groups or Individuals

D Hepatitis B Vaccine

20mg/ml 1ml 1ml vials

D

Meningitis vaccine A & C

Vaccine injection

B

Human Diploid Cell Rabies

Freeze dried rabies vaccine

D Yellow Fever Vaccine

Injection 10 doses in vial (with diluent)

C Pneumococcal vaccine

Vaccine injeciton 0.5ml vial

21.0 OPHTHAMOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS

21.1 Anti-infective Agents

C Acyclovir

Eye ointment 3%

C Chloramphenicol

Eye drops 0.5%, 1%

A Chloramphenicol

Eye ointment 1%

D Gentamicin

Eye drops 0.3%

C Idoxuridine

Eye ointment 0.5%

A Oxytetracycline

Eye ointment 3%

21.2 Steroidal Anti-inﬂammatory Agents

C Hydrocortisone

Eye Drops (acetate) 0.5%

21.3 Antiinfective and Antiinlamatory Agents

D

Oxytetracycline + Hydrocortisone + Polymycin B (Equivalent of Terracotril)

Eye drops

D Sodium cromoglycate

2% eye drops

21.4 Anti Allergy:

D Loratadine

Tablets 10mg

C Cetirizine

syrup 5mg/5ml (100ml)

C Sodium Cromoglycate

Tablets 10mg

C Sodium Cromoglycate

Solution 5mg/ml (200ml)

C Sodium Cromoglycate

Eye drops

21.5 Drugs for Trachoma & Onchocerciasis

B Azithromycin

Tablets 500mg

B Azithromycin

Capsule 250mg

B Ivermectin

Tablets 3mg, 6mg.

22.0 MEDICINES USED IN EAR DISEASES

22.1 Ear Drops

B Chloramphenicol

Ear drops 5% in 10ml

D

Dexamethasone + Neomycin

Ear drops

208

A Ciproﬂoxacin

Ear drops

A Aluminium diacetate

Ear drops 3%

22.2 Oral Antiseptics

A Chlorhexidine gluconate

Solution 0.1%;prepare from concentrated solution

C Potassium permanganate

Solution 1:4000; prepare from powder/crystals

22.3 Nasal Preparation

D Beclomethasone

Spray 0.05% (50mcg/d0se)

C Ephedrine

Nasal drops 0.5% and 1%

23.0 OXYTOCICS, MYOMETRIAL RELAXANTS (TOCOLYTICS) AND RELATED MEDICINES

C Salbutamol

Tablets 4mg

C Salbutamol

Injection 100mcg/ml, 10ml vial

A Ergometrine

Injection (mealeate) 0.5mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

C Oxytocin

Injection 10 IU in 1ml ampoule

D Misoprostol

Tablet 200mcg (rectal, sublingual)

D Magnesium sulphate

Injection 50%

24.0 PSYCHOTHERAPEUTICS AND RELATED MEDICINES

D Carbamazepine

tablets 200mg, 400mg

A Phenytoin

Tablets 50mg, 100mg

A Phenobarbitone

Tablets 30mg, 100mg

A Phenobarbitone

Injection 200mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

C Amitriptyline

Tablets (hydrochloride) 25mg

A Chlorpromazine

Tablets (hydrochloride) 25mg, 100mg + 250mg

B Chlorpromazine

Injection (hydrochloride) 25mg/ml in 2ml ampoule

C Fluphenazine decanoate

Injection 25mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

B Haloperiodol

Tablets 1mg, 5mg

D Haloperiodol

Injection 5mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

B Imipramine

Tablets 25mg, 50mg

C T iohridazine

Tablets 25mg

25.0 MEDICINE ACTING ON RESPIRATORY TRACT

25.1 Anti-asthmatics

A Aminophylline

Tablets 100mg

A Aminophylline

Injection 25mg/ml in 10ml ampoule

C Beclomethasone

Inhalation (dipropionate) 0.05mg per dose (aerosol inhaler)

A Ephedrine

Tablets (hydrochloride) 30mg

A Ephedrine

Injection (hydrochloride) 30mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

A Cromoglycate

Nasal spray (di-sodium salt) 2% (sprayer with pump)

C Salbutamol

Tablets (as sulfate) 4mg

209

C Salbutamol

Syrup (as sulfate) 4mg

D Salbutamol

Inhalation (as sulfate) 0.1mg per dose (aerosol inhaler)

A Adrenaline

Injection 1m/1ml ampoule

25.2 Antitusives

A Codeine

Syrup/Linctus

26.0 SOLUTIONS, CORRECTING WATER ELECTROLYTE AND ACID BASE DISTURBANCES

26.1 Large Volume Intravenous Solutions

B Darrow’s half strength

500ml

A Dextrose

5%; 500ml, 1000ml

B Dextrose

10%; 500ml

C Dextrose

25%, 50%; 50ml, 100ml

Sodium lactate

B compound (Ringer’s solution)

500ml, 1000ml. Each litre provides approximately Na+ 131 mmol, K+ 5mmol,

Ca++2mmol, C1-111mmol and HCO -(lactate) 29mmol

A

Sodium chloride+Dextrose

0.9%+5%; 500ml, 1000ml

B Potassium chloride

Solution 7.4% 10ml Vial

C Potassium citrate

Oral solution containing potassium citrate 30% + citric acid monohydrate 5%

A Water for injection

5ml, 10ml vial

27.0 DISINFECTANTS AND ANTISEPTICS

27.1 Disinfectants

A Sodium hypochlorite

Solution 10% (250ml bottle)

A Hydrogen peroxide

Solution 6%

A

Chlorhexidine + Cetrimide

Solution concentrated containing chhlorhexidine digluconate 1.5%+ 15%

cetrimide in 1litre and 5 litre

A Chlorhexidine

Solution 4% in litre and 5 litres

A Chloroxylenol

Solution 4.9% BP in litre and 5 litre

A Cresol

Solution 3% BP in litre and 5 litre

C Formaldehyde

solution 36 – 37% stabilised in 1 litre

C Glutaraldehyde

Activated solution 2% in 1 litre, 5 litres for scopes sterilization)

A Providone iodine

Solution 10% in water 250ml, 500ml, 1 litre

A Methylated spirit

70% in 1 litre, 5 litre

Sodium

A Dichloroisocyanurate (NODCO)

Tablets, 1.67g (equal to 1g available chlorine)

27.2 Antiseptic

A Providone-Iodine

Solution (1 litre bottle)

A

Chlorinated lime + Boric Acid Solution

Prepare from raw materials

C Potassium permanganate

Solution 1: 1000

210

C Potassium permanganate

Solution 1: 2000

C Potassium permanganate

Solution 1: 4000

28.0 VITAMINS/MINERALS

A Retinol (Vitamin A)

Gelatin Capsules (with nipple to allow administration drop by drop)

50,000IU, 100,000IU 200, 000IU

C

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)

Tablets 100mg and 500mg

C Calcium gluconate

Injection 100mg/ml in 10ml ampoule

D

Ergocalciferol (vitamin D)

Capsules 1.25mg (50, 000IU)

D

Ergocalciferol (vitamin D)

Oral solution 0.25mg/ml (10,000IU/ml)

B

C Nicotinamide (Vitamin 3

)

Tablets 50mg

C Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

Tablets (hydrochloride) 25mg

A T iahmine (Vitamin B1)

Tablets (hydrochloride) 50mg, 100mg

C T iahmine (Vitamin B1)

Injection (hydrochloride) 1000mg/ml in 1ml ampoule

D Vitamin B12

Tablets (hydrochloride) 50mcg

A Vitamin B complex

Tablets BP (contains per tablet: nicotinamide 15mg, riboﬂavin 1mg, thiamine

1mg)

A Vitamin B complex

Syrup (contains per tablet: nicotinamide 15mg, riboﬂavin 1mg, thiamine 1mg)

C Vitamin B complex

Injection BP in 10ml vial (contains nicotinamide 200mg, pantothenol 30mg,

pyridoxine 20mg, riboﬂavine 20mg, thiamine 50mg per 1 ml)

C Potassium chloride

Tablets (slow release) 600mg

Themi Pharmacy

P.O Box 3011

Arusha

Date: 15.01.2015

Name of Patient: Aisha Hassan

Paracetamol Syrup 120mg/5ml

2 teaspoonful x After every 8 hours for 5 days

Keep Away From Children Reach

Themi Pharmacy

P.O Box 3011

Arusha

Date: 15.01.2015

Name of Patient: Aisha Hassan

Amoxicillin Syrup 125mg/5ml

2 teaspoonful x After every 8 hours for 7 days

Keep Away From Children Reach

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