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In humans, the mandible, or lower jaw, is connected to the temporal bone of the skull via the temporomandibular joint, an extremely complex joint which permits movement in all planes.

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Is a synovial type of joint situated between the articular surface of the mandibular condyle and the temporal bone.

It is also called Cranio-mandibular joint.

Between the upper and lower articulating surfaces is interposed a fibrocartilaginous disc.

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What are the components of TMJ??

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Constituent features of TMJ includes

Articular surface of mandibular condyle

Articular surface of temporal bone

Articular disc

Joint capsule

Joint cavities

Articular ligaments.

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Types of articular ligaments.

The lateral ligament ( temporomandibular) ligament

The sphenomandibular ligament

The stylomandibular ligament

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Various movements can be elicited on the mandible and these and these may include:

Depression

Elevation

Protrusion

Retraction and side by side

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Depression: lateral pterygoids, assisted with including geniohyoid, digastric and mylohyoid

Elevation: anterior fibres of temporalis muscles,massenter, and medial pterygoids of both sides.

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Protrusion: lateral and medial pterygoid muscles, and superficial fibres of massenter both sides.

Retraction: posterior fibres of temporalis.

Lateral (side by side) movements: medial and lateral pterygoids muscles of each sides, acting alternately.

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Blood supply: the posterior aspect of the joint capsule is supplied by branches from the superficial temporal artery., anterior aspect supplied by branches of messeteric artery

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Nerve supply: the joint is supplied by the auriculotemporal and masseteric branches of mandibular nerve (sensory innervation)

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Tmj dislocation

Internal disc displacement

Arthritis

Traumatic injuries

Ankylosis

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What are the components of TMJ?

State the movements of TMJ

Describe blood and nerve supply of TMJ

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