Pharmacotherapy of Swine Influenza
PST 06107
Basic Veterinary Pharmacology
Session 33: Pharmacotherapy of Swine Influenza
Learning Tasks
By
the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Define swine influenza
List signs and symptoms of swine influenza
Describe pharmacological treatment of swine influenza
Describe control and prevention of swine influenza
Activity: Buzzing
What
is Swine Influenza?
Definition of Swine Influenza
Swine influenza is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza viruses that regularly cause outbreaks of influenza in pigs
Influenza viruses that commonly circulate in swine are called “swine influenza viruses” or “swine flu viruses.”
Like human influenza viruses, there are different subtypes and strains of swine influenza viruses
The main swine influenza viruses are;
swine triple reassortant (tr) H1N1 influenza virus
trH
3
N
2
virus
trH
1
N
2
virus
Signs and Symptoms of Swine Influenza
Fever
Depression
Coughing (barking)
Discharge from the nose or eyes
Sneezing
Breathing difficulties
Eye redness or inflammation, and going off feed
Some pigs infected with influenza, however, may show no signs of illness at all
Activity:
Brainstorming
What
are the
preventive and control measures for Swine dysentery
?
Treatment, Prevention and Control of Swine Influenza
There
is no specific treatment, although antimicrobials may reduce secondary bacterial infections
Vaccination and strict import controls are the only specific preventive and control measures
Good management practices and freedom from stress, particularly due to crowding and dust, help to reduce losses.
Key Points
Swine
influenza is a highly contagious viral infection of pigs
Swine influenza is caused by influenza A viruses in the family Orthomyxoviridae
It is characterised by fever, lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, nasal discharge, laboured breathing, coughing, sneezing, and nasal discharge
An effective immunisation programme will likely need to induce protection against both H
1
and H
3
subtypes
Evaluation
What
is Swine Influenza?
What are the common signs and symptoms of Swine Influenza?
What is the pharmacological treatment of Swine Influenza?
What are the control measures against Swine Influenza?
References
Riviere
J. E.,
Papich
M. G. (2009).
Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
(9
th
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Hsu
W. H. (2008).
Handbook of Veterinary Pharmacology
(1
st
Ed) Iowa, Wiley-
Blackwel
Publishers
Kuafmann
J, (1996).
Parasitic infections of domestic animals
, (2
nd
ed
).Berlin,
Birkhäuser
Verlag
Press
Hoare
E. W. (2013).
A manual veterinary therapeutics & pharmacology
(2
nd
ed
),New
York, Forgotten Books
Press
Maddison
. J. (
ed
) (2008).
Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology
, (2nd
ed
). Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier Limited
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