NTA Level 5 • Semester 1 • PST05105

Control Measures for Irrational Medicines Use

Rational Use of Medicines • Source Session/Topic 5

Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability.

Session 5: Control Measures for Irrational Medicines Use

Total Session Time: 120 minutes

Prerequisites

• None

Learning Tasks

By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:

• Give overview of control measures for irrational medicines use

• Identify control measures for irrational medicines use

• Explain control measures for irrational medicines use

Resources Needed:

• Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape

• Black/white board and chalk/whiteboard markers

SESSION OVERVIEW

SESSION CONTENTS

STEP 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (05 Minutes)

READ or ASK students to read the learning objectives and clarify

ASK students if they have any questions before continuing.

STEP 2: Introduction to Control Measures for Irrational Medicines Use (15

Minutes)

• The first step to correcting irrational use of medicines is to

measure it.

• Prescribing, dispensing and patient use should be regularly monitored

in terms of:

o Types of irrational use of medicines, so that strategies can be

targeted towards changing specific problems

o Amount of irrational use, so that the size of the problem is known

and the impact of the strategies can be monitored

o Reasons why medicines are used irrationally, so that appropriate,

effective and feasible strategies can be chosen.

• People often have very rational reasons for using medicines

irrationally

• Medicines cannot be used rationally unless everyone involved in the

pharmaceutical supply chain has access to objective information about

the drug they buy and use.

• Knowledge and ideas about drugs are constantly changing,

pharmaceutical personnel and physician are expected to know about the

new development in drug therapy.

STEP 3: Types of Control Measures for Irrational Medicines Use (30 Minutes)

|Activity: Brainstorming (15 Minutes) |

|Ask students to brainstorm on the following question: |

|What are the control measures for irrational medicines use? |

|ALLOW few students to respond |

|WRITE their responses on the flip chart/ board |

|CLARIFY and SUMMARISE by using the content below |

World Health Organization (WHO) advises countries to implement national

programmes to combat irrational use of medicines through policies,

structures, information and education. These include:

• Educational Strategies

• Printed Materials

• Approaches Based on Face-to-Face Contact

• Managerial Strategies

• Prescribing and Dispensing Approaches

• Financing

• Regulatory Strategies

STEP 4: Control Measures For Irrational Medicines Use (60 Minutes)

The following are the control measures for irrational medicines use

Educational strategies

• There should be training of prescribers and dispensers through:

o Formal education (pre-service)

o Continuing education (in-service)

o Supervisory visits

o Group lectures, seminars, and workshops

Printed materials

• The following materials should be available in the health institutions

and health training institutions.

o Clinical literature and newsletters

o Treatment guidelines and drug formularies

o Illustrated materials (flyers, leaflets)

Approaches based on face-to-face contact

o Educational outreach

o Patient education

o Influencing opinion leaders

Managerial strategies

There should be special attention in Selection, Procurement, and

Distribution of medicines and medical supplies such as

o Limited procurement lists

o Drug utilization review and feedback

o Hospital and regional drug committees

o Cost information

Prescribing and dispensing approaches

• They should have the following documents

o Structured drug order forms

o Standard diagnostic and treatment guidelines

o Course-of-therapy packaging

Financing

• Health institution should have

o Price setting

o Capitation-based budgeting

Regulatory strategies

• The responsible drug authorities should pay more attention in:

o Drug registration

o Limited drug lists

o Prescribing restrictions

o Dispensing restrictions

STEP 5: Key Points (05 Minutes)

• The most effective approach to improve medicines use is a combination of

education and supervision of health personnel, consumer education, and

ensuring an adequate supply of appropriate medicines.

• There should be special attention in selection, procurement, and

distribution of medicines and medical supplies such as: limited

procurement lists, drug utilization review and feedback, hospital and

regional drug committees.

• Approaches based on face-to-face Contact should be applied such as:

educational outreach, patient education and influencing opinion leaders

STEP 6: Evaluation (05 Minutes)

• What are the control measures for irrational medicines use?

• List responsibilities of drug authorities in promoting rational use

of medicines.

References:

Rees, J. A., Smith, I., & Watson, (2012) J. Pharmaceutical practice (5th

ed.). London, United Kingdom: Churchill Livingstone

Dean, B., Schachter, M., Vincent, C, Barber, N (2002).Lancet: Causes of

prescribing errors in hospital inpatients: a prospective study.

359:1373–8

Knudsen, P., Herborg, H., Mortensen, A,R., Knudsen, M., Hellebek, A

.(2007). QualSafealthCare:Preventing medication errors in community

pharmacy: root-cause analysis of transcription errors.16:285–290.

Lesar, T.S., Briceland, L., Stein, D, S. (1997). JAMA:Factors related to

errors in medication prescribing..277:312–317.

← Previous Topic Next Topic →View all Rational Use of Medicines topics Open Complete Full Notes

PDF / OFFLINE NOTES

Unataka kutumiwa notes hizi kupitia WhatsApp?Kwa notes zilizopangiliwa vizuri kwa kusoma offline au PDF, bonyeza kitufe hapa chini. Ujumbe wenye Level, Semester, Module na Topic utaandaliwa moja kwa moja.TUMIWA NOTES WHATSAPP

WhatsApp: 255620339260