NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04102

Methods of Controlling Vector-borne Diseases

Disease Control and Prevention • Source Session/Topic 4

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Session 4: Methods of Controlling Vector-borne Diseases

Total Session Time: 120 minutes + 2 hours Assignment

Prerequisites

• None

Learning Tasks

By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:

• List Common Vector-borne Diseases

• Describe Vectors of Medical Importance

• Describe Methods of Vector Control

Resources Needed:

• Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape

• Black/white board, chalk and whiteboard markers

• Computer and LCD Projector

SESSION OVERVIEW

|6 | | | |

|7 | | | |

SESSION CONTENTS

STEP 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes)

READ or ASK students to read the learning tasks and clarify

ASK students if they have any questions before continuing

STEP 2: Common Vector-borne Diseases (10 minutes)

Common Vector borne Diseases:

• Vector is any carrier of disease (insects, mosquitos, ticks and snails)

which are an essential part of the life cycle of the disease causative

organism

• Vectors acquire disease organisms by sucking blood from infected persons

or animals and pass them on by same route

Common vector borne diseases:

• Malaria

• Filariasis

• Trypanosomiasis

• Yellow fever

• Plague

• Schistosomiasis

STEP 3: Vectors of Medical Importance (20 minutes)

|Activity: Buzzing (5 minutes) |

| |

|ASK students to pair up and buzz on the following question for 2 |

|minutes |

| |

|What are vectors of medical importance? |

| |

|ALLOW few pairs to respond and let other pairs to add on points not |

|mentioned |

| |

|WRITE their response on the flip chart/board |

| |

|CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the content below |

The following are Vectors of Medical importance:

Table 4.1 Common vectors and the diseases they transmit

|Vector |Disease(s) |

|Mosquitoes |Malaria, filariasis, yellow fever, dengue |

| |fever |

|Black flies |River blindness |

|Biting flies |Trypanosomiasis ( sleeping sickness) |

|Lice |Relapsing fever ( louse-borne ) |

|Fleas |Plague |

|Soft ticks |Relapsing fever ( tick-borne ) |

|Hard ticks |African tick-borne typhus |

STEP 4: Methods of Vector Control (60 minutes)

|Activity: Small Group Discussion ( 20 minutes) |

| |

|DIVIDE students into small manageable groups |

| |

|ASK students to discuss on the following question |

|What are the methods of vector control? |

| |

|ALLOW students to discuss for 10 minutes |

| |

|ALLOW few groups to present and the rest to add points not mentioned |

| |

|CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the contents below |

Methods of Vector Control:

The control may be brought about by:

• Reducing the reservoir host

o Control the vector population

o Killing adults with insecticides

o Killing larva with larvicides

o Prevention of breeding sites by environmental sanitation

• Protecting the susceptible individuals

o Use of insecticide treated nets

o Ue of chemoprophylaxis

o Use of repellents and protective clothing

STEP 5: Key Points (5 minutes)

• Vector is any carrier of disease

• A vector is required for the transmission of vector-borne diseases.

• Measures that reduce vector population and protect susceptible hosts

are used to control vector-borne diseases

STEP 6: Evaluation (10 minutes)

• What are the common vectors borne diseases?

• What are the vectors of medical importance?

• What are the methods of controlling vector-borne diseases?

STEP 7: Assignment (10 minutes)

|Activity: Take Home Assignment (10 minutes) |

| |

|DIVIDE students in groups or individuals |

| |

|ASK the students to work on the following assignment |

|Prepare a presentation of at least 5 common vector-borne diseases in |

|their local area and give measures on how to control it |

| |

|ALLOCATE time for students to do the assignments and submit |

| |

|REFER students to recommended references |

References

Cook, G., & Zumla, A. (2003). Manson’s Tropical Diseases. (21st ed).

London:

Saunders Ltd.

Denyer, S. P., Hodges, N. A., Gorman, S. P., & Gilmore BF (2011)

(eds),Hugo& Russell’s Pharmaceutical Microbiology (8th ed). Oxford:

Willey-Blackwell publishing

Eshuis J., & Manschot, P (1992).Communicable diseases, (1sted). Nairobi:

AMREF

GoT (2004).National Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Guidelines for

Healthcare Workers. Dar es Salaam: MOHSW

GoT (2013).National Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria. Dar

es salaam: MOHSW

GoT (2013).Standard Treatment Guidelines & National Essential Medicines

List (4thed). Dar es Salaam: MOHSW

Nordberg, E. (1999).Communicable Diseases, A Manual for Health Workers in

Sub-Saharan Africa, Nairobi: AMREF

Nordberg, E., Kingondu, T., & Mugambi, E., et al. (2008).Communicable

Diseases. (4thed). Nairobi: AMREF.

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