Methods of Controlling Diseases Transmitted by Faecal – PST04102 Disease Control and Prevention

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NTA Level 4 • Semester 1 • PST04102

Methods of Controlling Diseases Transmitted by Faecal

Disease Control and Prevention • Source Session/Topic 3
Full source-text version: all educational wording from the extracted learning source is retained; only presenter/tutor metadata and web-layout noise are removed, while formatting is improved for readability.

Session 3: Methods of Controlling Diseases Transmitted by Faecal

Contamination

Total Session Time: 120 minutes + 2 hours Assignment

Prerequisites

• None

Learning Tasks

By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:

• Describe Diseases Transmitted by Faecal Contamination
• Describe Methods for Controlling Diseases Transmitted by Faecal

Contamination

Resources Needed

• Flip charts, marker pens, and masking tape
• Black/white board, chalk and whiteboard markers
• Computer and LCD projector

SESSION OVERVIEW

|Step |Time |Activity/ |Content |

| | |Method | |

|1 |5 minutes |Presentation |Introduction, Learning Tasks |

|2 |25 minutes |Presentation |Diseases Transmitted by Faecal |

| | |Buzzing |Contamination |

|3 |60minutes |Presentation |Methods for Controlling Diseases |

| | |Group |Transmitted by Faecal Contamination |

| | |Discussion | |

|4 |10minutes |Presentation |Key Points |

| 5 |10 minutes |Presentation |Evaluation |

| 6 |10 minutes |Presentation |Assignment |

SESSION CONTENTS

STEP 1: Presentation of Session Title and Learning Tasks (5 minutes)

READ or ASK students to read the learning tasks and clarify

ASK students if they have any questions before continuing

STEP 2: Diseases Transmitted by Faecal Contamination (25 minutes)

|Activity: Buzzing (5 minutes) |

| |

|ASK students to pair and buzz on the following question for 2 minutes |

| |

|What are the common diseases transmitted by faecal contamination? |

| |

|ALLOW few pairs to respond and let other pairs to add on points not |

|mentioned |

| |

|WRITE their response on the flip chart/board |

| |

|CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the content below |

Diseases transmitted by faecal contamination:

• Causative organisms are excreted in the stools of infected persons
• The causative organisms enter the body through the mouth
• Transmission occurs through faecal contamination of food, water and

hands

• Food plays a central role in transmitting disease as it can be

directly or indirectly contaminated via polluted water, dirty hands,

contaminated soil, flies and animals or animal products

• Water can be polluted directly by faeces, or faecal material may be

washed in from polluted soil

• Hands are contaminated after defaecation or by touching contaminated

objects

.

Diseases transmitted by faecal-oral contamination:

• Typhoid fever
• Cholera
• Amoebic dysentery
• Bacillary dysentery
• Staphylococcal food poisoning
• Ascariasis
• Taeniasis
• Hydatidosis

STEP 3: Methods for Controlling Diseases Transmitted by Faecal

Contamination (60 minutes)

|Activity: Small Group Discussion ( 20 minutes) |

| |

|DIVIDE students into small manageable groups |

| |

|ASK students to discuss on the following question |

|What are the preventive methods for controlling diseases transmitted by|

|faecal contamination? |

| |

|ALLOW students to discuss for 10 minutes |

| |

|ALLOW few groups to present and the rest to add points not mentioned |

| |

|CLARIFY and SUMMARIZE by using the contents below |

Methods for Prevention of faecal-oral diseases includes:

• Proper methods of stool disposal e.g. use of latrines
• Hand washing using soap and water after visiting toilets and before

handling food

• Proper disposal of refuse
• Proper cooking of food
• Proper washing of fruits and vegetables before eating
• Boil milk and water before drinking
• Protection, purification and chlorination of public water supplies
• Health education e.g. dangers of bottle feeding

STEP 4: Key Points (10 minutes)

• Causative organisms of fecal-oral diseases are excreted in the stools of

infected persons

• Transmission occurs through faecal contamination of food, water and hands
• Control of faecal-oral diseases depends on breaking the faecal –oral

transmission cycle

STEP 5: Evaluation (10 minutes)

• What are the diseases transmitted by faecal contamination?
• What are the methods for controlling diseases transmitted by faecal

contamination?

STEP 6: Assignment (10 minutes)

|Activity: Take Home Assignment (10 minutes) |

| |

|DIVIDE students in groups or individuals |

| |

|ASK the students to work on the following assignment |

|Prepare a presentation of at least 5 common faecal-oral transmitted |

|diseases in their local area and give measures how to control it. |

| |

|ALLOCATE time for students to do the assignments and submit |

| |

|REFER students to recommended reference |

References

Cook, G., & Zumla, A. (2003). Manson’s Tropical Diseases. (21st ed).

London:

Saunders Ltd.

Denyer, S. P., Hodges, N. A., Gorman, S. P., & Gilmore BF (2011)

(eds),Hugo& Russell’s Pharmaceutical Microbiology (8th ed). Oxford:

Willey-Blackwell publishing

Eshuis J., & Manschot, P (1992).Communicable diseases, (1sted). Nairobi:

AMREF

GoT (2004).National Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Guidelines for

Healthcare Workers. Dar es Salaam: MOHSW

GoT (2013).Standard Treatment Guidelines & National Essential Medicines

List (4thed). Dar es Salaam: MOHSW

Nordberg, E. (1999).Communicable Diseases, A Manual for Health Workers in

Sub-Saharan Africa, Nairobi: AMREF

Nordberg, E., Kingondu, T., & Mugambi, E., et al. (2008).Communicable

Diseases. (4thed). Nairobi: AMREF.

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