Arterial supply

Venous drainage

Thorax

Arterial supply

Venous drainage

ARTERIAL SUPPLY VIA

BRANCHES OF THE SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY

AXILLARY ARTERY

BRACHIAL ARTERY

RADIAL ARTERY

ULNAR ARTERY

Suprascapular Artery

Is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk.

Supplies the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles and the shoulder and acromioclavicular joints

Dorsal Scapular or Descending Scapular Artery

Arises from the subclavian artery but may be a deep branch of the transverse cervical artery.

Supplies the levator scapulae, rhomboids, and serratus anterior muscles

Arterial Anastomoses Around Scapular

AXILLARY ARTERY

Superior or Supreme Thoracic Artery

Supplies the intercostal muscles in the fi rst and second anterior intercostal spaces and adjacent muscles.

Thoracoacromial Artery

Lateral Thoracic Artery

Supplies the pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior muscles and the axillary lymph nodes and gives rise to lateral mammary branches.

Subscapular Artery

Thoracodorsal Artery: supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle and the lateral thoracic wall.

Circumfl ex Scapular Artery

Anterior Humeral Circumflex Artery

Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery

Lies in the center of the cubital fossa, medial to the biceps tendon, lateral to the median nerve, and deep to the bicipital aponeurosis. The stethoscope should be placed in this place when taking blood pressure and listening to the arterial pulse.

Provides muscular branches and terminates by dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries at the level of the radial neck, approximately 1 cm below the bend of the elbow, in the cubital fossa.

Supplies the posterolateral aspect of the forearm. It contributes to anastomotic networks surrounding the elbow joint and carpal bones.

The radial pulse can be palpated in the distal forearm, immediately lateral to the prominent tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle.

ULNAR ARTERY

supplies the anteromedial aspect of the forearm.

It contributes to an anastomotic network surrounding the elbow joint.

Radial and ulnar artery anastomose in the hand by forming two arches – the superficial palmar arch, and the deep palmar arch.

Deep and Superficial Venous Arches

Deep Veins of the Arm and Forearm

Axillary Vein

Are formed by a pair of venae comitantes, which accompany each of the deep and superficial palmar arterial arches.

Follow the course of the arteries, accompanying them as their venae comitantes.

The radial veins receive the dorsal metacarpal veins.

The ulnar veins receive tributaries from the deep palmar venous arches.

The brachial veins are the vena comitantes of the brachial artery and are joined by the basilic vein to form the axillary vein.

Is formed by the union of the brachial veins and the basilic vein and ascends along the medial side of the axillary artery.

Continues as the subclavian vein at the inferior margin of the first rib.

ARTERIAL SUPPLY

Internal Thoracic Artery

Usually arises from the first part of the subclavian artery and descends directly behind the first six costal cartilages, just lateral to the sternum.

Pericardiophrenic Artery: Supplies the pleura, pericardium, and diaphragm

Anterior Intercostal Arteries: Provide muscular branches to the intercostal, serratus anterior, and pectoral muscles.

Anterior Perforating Branches: supply the pectoralis major muscle and the skin and subcutaneous tissue over it. Provide the medial mammary branches.

Musculophrenic Artery: Supplies the pericardium, diaphragm, and muscles of the abdominal wall.

Superior Epigastric Artery: Supplies the diaphragm, peritoneum, and anterior abdominal wall

Internal Thoracic Vein

Thoracoepigastric Vein