Anatomy of the Colon: Ileocaecal Valve and Ascending Colon (Part 3)
Explore “Ileocaecal Valve and Ascending Colon” in this Anatomy of the Colon lesson. Part 3 of the five-part series brings together the source material and lesson topics. Use the contents links to find a section, read the notes, and consult the complete original teaching slides below.
Lesson topics
- Iliocaecal valve
- Iliocaecal valve – function mechanism.,
- Parts of colon.,
- Ascending colon.,
- Ascending colon relations.,
Contents
- Read the original document
- Iliocaecal valve
- Iliocaecal valve – function mechanism.,
- Parts of colon.,
- Ascending colon.,
- Ascending colon relations.,
- Right paracolic gutter.,
- Right colic flexure.,
- Transverse Colon
- Relations of transverse colon:
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Read the original source document
Anatomy of the Colon – M. Gowri Shankar: original teaching slides for this study series.
Iliocaecal valve
Iliocaecal valve Ilium opens into the posteromedial aspect of the caecum, which is guarded by cone shaped ileocaecal valve. The valve has two lips and two frenula. upper lip – horizontal lower lip- concave
Iliocaecal valve – function mechanism.,
Iliocaecal valve – function mechanism., The valve is actively closed by The sympathetic tone and Mechanically by distention of caecum Function is to prevent reflux from caecum to ileum. Thus large bowel obstruction becomes close loop obstruction which is a surgical emergency. Add image of two rubber band
Parts of colon.,
Parts of colon., Ascending colon (5 ”) Transverse colon (20”) Descending colon (10”) Sigmoid colon (15”)
Ascending colon.,
Ascending colon., The ascending colon is 15cm in length. Extends from iliocaecal junction to the hepatic flexure. Its posterior surface is fixed against the retroperitoneum and the anterior, medial and lateral surfaces are covered by peritoneum (i.e., covered by peritoneum on three sides)
Ascending colon relations.,
Anteriorly, Coils of small intestine Right edge of greater omentum Anterior abdominal wall Posteriorly, Back muscles (quad lumb, transverse abdominis) Nerves (ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric and lateral cutaneous) Right kidney Laterally, Right paracolic gutter Ascending colon relations.,
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Right paracolic gutter.,
Right paracolic gutter., It is a sulcus present laterally to the colon . Fluid and pus transverse along this gutter either from appendicular region to the hepatorenal pouch or from liver and epigastrium to the pelvis
Right colic flexure.,
Right colic flexure., Hepatic flexure supported by Hepatocolic ligament
Transverse Colon
Transverse Colon Passes from right hypochondriac region into left hypochondriac region. Extends from right colic flexure to left colic flexure below the spleen. The left colic flexure is higher and more posterior than the right colic flexure ,and is attached to the diaphragm by the phrenicocolic ligament.
Transverse mesocolon, the mesentery of transverse colon suspends the transverse colon from the anterior border of pancreas.
Relations of transverse colon:
Anterior relations: Greater omentum anterior abdominal wall Posterior relations: Descending part of the duodenum Head of the pancreas Coils of jejunum and ileum superior relations Gall-bladder Greater curvature of stomach Lower end of spleen Inferior relations– Small intestine Relations of transverse colon:
Review questions and answers
What are the key points about Iliocaecal valve?
Iliocaecal valve Ilium opens into the posteromedial aspect of the caecum, which is guarded by cone shaped ileocaecal valve. The valve has two lips and two frenula. upper lip – horizontal lower lip- concave
What are the key points about Iliocaecal valve – function mechanism.,?
Iliocaecal valve – function mechanism., The valve is actively closed by The sympathetic tone and Mechanically by distention of caecum Function is to prevent reflux from caecum to ileum. Thus large bowel obstruction becomes close loop obstruction which is a surgical emergency. Add image of two rubber band
What are the key points about Parts of colon.,?
Parts of colon., Ascending colon (5 ”) Transverse colon (20”) Descending colon (10”) Sigmoid colon (15”)
What are the key points about Ascending colon.,?
Ascending colon., The ascending colon is 15cm in length. Extends from iliocaecal junction to the hepatic flexure. Its posterior surface is fixed against the retroperitoneum and the anterior, medial and lateral surfaces are covered by peritoneum (i.e., covered by peritoneum on three sides)
What are the key points about Ascending colon relations.,?
Anteriorly, Coils of small intestine Right edge of greater omentum Anterior abdominal wall Posteriorly, Back muscles (quad lumb, transverse abdominis) Nerves (ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric and lateral cutaneous) Right kidney Laterally, Right paracolic gutter Ascending colon relations.,
More lessons from this document
- Anatomy of the Colon – M. Gowri Shankar — Part 1
- Anatomy of the Colon – M. Gowri Shankar — Part 2
- Anatomy of the Colon – M. Gowri Shankar — Part 3
- Anatomy of the Colon – M. Gowri Shankar — Part 4
- Anatomy of the Colon – M. Gowri Shankar — Part 5
Conclusion
The important points in Important Concepts should be reviewed alongside the definitions, examples and comparisons given above. Continue with the other four articles to cover the rest of the source material.