Sustainable Development Goals
Session
7: Sustainable Development Goals
1
Learning Tasks
By the end of this session students are expected to be able to:
Define agenda 21 of Rio de Janeiro
List components of the agenda 21
Explain concept of sustainable development
Explain sustainable development goals
2
Introduction
Agenda 21 is a non-binding action plan of the United Nations with regard to sustainable development
Is a global action plan for sustainable development into the 21
st
century.
Sustainable development
is a process that aims to meets the needs of the present generation without harming the ability of future generations to meet their needs
The agenda sought to provide a comprehensive blueprint of action to be taken so as to combat environmental damage, poverty and diseases.
3
Components of Agenda 21
The Agenda comprises 40 chapters arranged in 4 Sections:
Section I. Social And Economic Dimensions
Section II. Conservation and Management of Resources for Development
Section III. Strengthening the Role of Major Groups
Section IV. Means of Implementation
4
Cont…
Each chapter describes a programme area and comprises four parts:
The basis for action
Objectives
Activities
Means of implementation
Refer Handout 4: Components of the Agenda 21 for further reading
5
Concept of Sustainable Development
Emerged during United Nations Conference on Human Environment held in Stockholm, Sweden in 1972 and the report of the
Brundtland
Commission (1982) called Our Common Future.
The conference was held to agree to act together to reduce pollution so that the cost would be equally shared, however the developing countries wanted more development to reduce poverty
It was clear that what we do has an impact on the environment (change in atmosphere) that lead to increase in deserts, destruction of forests and disappearance of species.
6
Cont…
The gap between the poorer nations and the richer nations has become wider which can be measured in such terms as the average income per person and the number of people who live below the poverty line.
This finally led to the world community holding the United Nations Convention on Education and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992 where the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Framework on Climate Change and the Rio Declaration of Agenda 21 were agreed.
7
Sustainable Development Goals
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are part of a wider 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development-build on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
The eight goals set by the United Nations back in 2000 to eradicate poverty, hunger, illiteracy and disease, expired at the end of Sept. 16, 2015
8
Cont…
No poverty
Zero hunger
Good health and well being
Quality education
Gender equality
Clean water and sanitation
Affordability and clean energy
Decent work and economic growth
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Reduced inequality
Sustainable cities and communities
The 17 sustainable development goals includes
9
Cont…
Responsible consumption and production in agriculture and waste management
Climate action
Life below water(oceans)
Life on land
Sustainable cities and communities
Peace and justice
Partnerships in achieving the goals
10
Key Points
Agenda 21 is a non-binding action plan of the United Nations with regard to sustainable development
It is an action agenda for the UN, other multilateral organizations, and individual governments around the world that can be executed at local, national, and global levels
11
Review Questions
What are the components of agenda 21?
What are the objectives of sustainable development goals
?
12
References
Overview. (2018).
The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2018 The Sustainable Development Goals Report,
4-15. doi:10.18356/9eb36828-en,
WHO (2012).
Who Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations:
Geneva, Switzerland:
Forty-sixth report
.
URT. (Draft – 2017).
National Health Policy
. Dar
es
Salaam, Tanzania
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